Pashto for dummies

[*Mahzala*]

I wrote that Mayana and then 'backspaced' it. I too wondered at the variation. See, I thought kaali aghondem would mean the act of wearing clothes and not what I was trying to suggest which was to say I have clothes on me.

[Mayana]

I wrote that Mayana and then 'backspaced' it. I too wondered at the variation. See, I thought kaali aghondem would mean the act of wearing clothes and not what I was trying to suggest which was to say I have clothes on me.

Yeah, you're right, it refers to the act of putting them on, as well as 'Kaali me waghostal' means "I put on clothes", as in the past tense.
I think the verb aghostal means "to put on" rather than "to wear", that's why we're so confused lol

Darezkhela, I'm not too sure, to be honest. To me, "aghoondam" sounds right, but I could be wrong.

[*Mahzala*]

^ You are right. But wouldn't a female say aghondama as opposed to aghondam?

Yes, for females, the suffix 'a' always applies.

[کیش]

So the preposition can come in the middle of a noun
Pe pekhawer ke
Before a noun
La Abdullah. Also la Abdullah Sara
After noun
Mez bande. Also pe mez bande

So where do we throw the adjectives correctly?

????? So the subject starts with a noun, or a pronoun. Then the subject contains the prepositions, noun, and adjectives. And the sentence ends with a verb. Does the noun change? Like M1/F1 etc.... If it is used as a subject?

[Mayana]

So the preposition can come in the middle of a noun
Pe pekhawer ke
Before a noun
La Abdullah. Also la Abdullah Sara
After noun
Mez bande. Also pe mez bande

So where do we throw the adjectives correctly?

There are prepositions that make a sandwich around the noun:

Pa Peshawar ki or you can also say,
Peshawar ki
Pa Mez bandi or you can also say,
Mez bandi
La Abdullah sara or you can also say,
Abdullah sara

(La Abdullah means Abdullah's)

Adjectives go right before whatever they are referring to:

Pa shayesta Peshawar ki Garmi da.
Pa garm Peshawar ki shayesta Peghla da. lol

Pa ghat Mez bandi graan Ketab dai.
Pa graan Mez bandi ghat Ketab dai.

You can obviously also say,

Peshawar shayesta/garm/ghat/leri dai.
Mez ghat/gran/shayesta/leri dai.

[abubaker]

La Abdullah also means/ From abdullah

[کیش]

So the adjectives also get sandwich between the prepositions, and before noun.

Next question.

the subject is almost always a noun, or pronoun? Does the noun get altered a little in the object? Like M1/F1 etc...?

[Mayana]

Yes, I think a subject is almost always a noun or pronoun..
As far as the alteration goes, no subject and object are independent from each other. What gets altered according to gender of the subject/object are verbs and adverbial adjuncts like adjectives and such.

Mirwais pa Dukaan ki khojheh Manneh ranissi.
Shayesta Laila pa Baagh ki da Chinaar landi khojheh Manneh khorri.

[IamDZJ]

i am not sure if i am in the right thread since i don't visit the pashto learning threads as often..i have a question that had three parts initially but i have forgotten the last bit so now it only has 2 parts.
first of all i want to know how taskheer is written. with a seen or a swat?? and what does it mean?
secondly i would like to know if samaar is written with a sey, seen or swat??

[Yousafzai Pakhtun]

Taskheer is written with "Seen" تسخير .....It means Musakhar kedal,Tabah kedal, gharqedal.......
And for the second part of your question......Shamar ba khpala jawab darkeeeeeee

[ScimitarXEdge]

Nah, it gives it a different meaning..
When you say that "Ketab me lwastai.." that means you were in the progress of reading and maybe another action takes place at the same time, whereas "Ketab me walwastai" means that you read it (past tense) and you're done with that and that the actions take place after one another.

Tsa di kawal? - Ketab mi Lwastai
What were you doing? - I was reading a book

Ketab mi lwastai chi ....
I was reading a book when ...

Ketab mi walwastai bia mi Manna wakhorala
I read a book and then ate an apple.

I see, did you study Pashto formally? That's interesting, I always thought it was just some dispensible aspect of Pashto.


but also one more thing, ...people tend to use wayana over lwastana, so when is lwastana more appropriate to use in context of reading?


and for the last sentence wouldn't it be

"ketab mi walwasteh NOR manna mi wakhorala"

sorry if I am asking too many questions but there are gaps in my understanding.

[Mayana]

I think the difference between lwal and wayal is a little dialectual? Because we in the south usually say "wayal", "Ketab wayam", although that is colloquial and I think the univerally accepted correct version is lwal. Wayal means to say/recite and lwal means to read. In a colloquial context when speaking in the Southern dialect, you can use both; in a formal context lwal would be more appropriate.

"nor" means "more". Sometimes, in a colloquial context "No bia?" is used as "And then?".. I don't know how familiar you are with Dari, but the different between 'no' and 'nor' would be the difference between 'dega' and 'degar' in Dari. So in that sentence, I would not use 'nor' as it doesn't fit.

As far as your other question goes, no I haven't studied Pashto formally, I just love languages and analyzing them.

[ScimitarXEdge]

ok based on my understanding of the usage of "nor"

it means "more over" like "in addition" not simply just "more"

and yes "no" seems to imply "thus" or "so on", I don't hear "bia" except in more farsi influenced dialects like in the Qandahari one.

Well that's cool you seem to have a very cogent analysis of them.

like once I heard my dad say something like "no khpel wak sa mi jorr wakarr", so I understood "no" ; "and such"

also on the phone he might say "nor staso khabaro chishi di?"

[Mayana]

Oh I see what you're trying to say.
You're using 'nor' to introduce a chain of actions, such as:
I read a book. Also, I ate an apple, went for a walk and talked to XY.
In that sense, yes, 'nor' would make sense as it'd mean "furthermore" if you are introducing a chain of actions rather than just one action. But then again, that might just be our dialect. If you say that 'nor' is what you've heard people around you use for 'then', I'll take your word for it.

[graveyardofempires]

[QUOTE=ScimitarXEdge;317769]ok based on my understanding of the usage of "nor"

it means "more over" like "in addition" not simply just "more"

and yes "no" seems to imply "thus" or "so on", I don't hear "bia" except in more farsi influenced dialects like in the Qandahari one.

Well that's cool you seem to have a very cogent analysis of them.

like once I heard my dad say something like "no khpel wak sa mi jorr wakarr", so I understood "no" ; "and such"

also on the phone he might say "nor staso khabaro chishi di?"[/QUOTE
nor means others(other peole or things) or when you say anything else you say nor se when you say other people it is nor sok.NO means so No se ba wekoo=so what should we do.it also means thus .
bia has nothing to do with farsi ,it is pashto lughat.
bia or as we in the east say bay means again:bay dey da kar weko?have you done it again?

what does your last sentence in pashto mean?