pashtun tribes and their origin

[gadoonwal]

yousufzai,esupzau
They are the predominant population in the districts of Dir, Swat, Mardan, Malakand, Swabi, Buner, Shangla and in Mansehra and Battagram, they are known as Sawati. Other Yusufzai colonies can be found in the inner city of Sialkot and Lahore, arriving in the 13th century. There is also a Yusufzai clan of Dehwar tribe in the Mastung district of Balochistan who speak Persian with some mixture of Birahvi words.
The name Yusafzai originates from Yusuf who was the younger son of Manday along with his elder brother Omar. Both died young and left behind only one son Mandanh. The descendants of Yusuf inhabit Swat, Upper Dir, Lower Dir, and Malakand while the descendants of Mandanh live in Swabi and Mardan. The begotten tribe of Yusufzai's are the Utmanzai having 3 major subdivions Alizai, Akazai and Kanazai. Yusafzai speak the northern variant of "Pukhtu" with the hard "kh" replacing the softer "sh" of southern Pashtun tribes.
Contents


[hide]

• 1 History
• 2 Wars and famous personalities
• 3 Demographics
• 4 Sub-Tribes
• 5 See also
• 6 References
• 7 External links

[edit] History

They migrated from Kandahar when Mirza Ulugh Beg was governor. He succeeded his father, Shah Rukh, who was a son of Timur (Taimur-e-Lang), in 1446 A.D. In the time of Babur, who first came to Kabul in 1504 A.D., Peshawar had been colonized by Afghan tribes, such as the Swatis and Dilazaks. On his second visit, fourteen years later, he found the Yusufzais had spread into Swat. The current settlement of the Yusufzais must have come about after this time.
The Yusufzai took much of their current lands from the Afghan Dilazaks and Swatis, after a single decisive battle fought on the plains between the villages of Gadar and Langarkot. Babur helped subdue the tribes fighting the Yususfzais, using matchlocks for the first time against the Jahangiri sultan, Mir Haider Ali Gebri of Bajour. In previous battles the armies of Babur where never able to defeat the Yusufzai. In one instance Babur sent an army of 100,000 against the Yusufzai with elephants only to have the entire army almost completely routed.
[edit] Wars and famous personalities

The Yusufzai tribe came to Swat in approximately 1450 and began fighting with the Pushtun tribes of Afridi, Swati and Dilazak. After several bloody battles between the Tanolis and the Yūsufzai, Tanoli Sultan Ameer Khan was killed while fighting with the Yūsufzai at Topi (near Swabi). The Tanolis were pushed to the eastern bank of the Indus.
The Yusufzai tribes ruled northern India for centuries. The British army tried to take control of the Yusufzai parts of northern India but were defeated.
The Yusufzai have fought the British in the 18th and 19th century, especially the clans of Swat and Black Mountain of Hazara. The battle of Ambela, Sura took place in 1863. Bakht Khan Rohilla (1797–1859) was the nominal Commandar-in-chief of Indian rebel forces in the Indian Rebellian of 1857 against the British East India Company. He too was a Yousafzai
During the Indo-Pak 1948 war, the first tribal lashkar sent to fight in Kashmir was send by the Yousafzais from Dir, Mardan & Swabi, numbering 5000. Lashkar was also sent by the wali (Miangul Abdul-Haqq Jahan Zeb 1908–1987) of swat in 1948. This Lashkar was commanded by Khan Bahadur Muhammad Afarin Khan (1900–1980,Chakesar, Distt. Shangla). Afarin khan was then awarded the title of "Bahadur" by the Govt. He was later selected as member west Pakistan Assembly from Swat state. He introduced and then promoted education, health and infrastructure in Swat, Shangla. He had optimum relation ships with King Zahir Shah of Afghanistan and Her highness, Queen Elizabeth. He was among the renowned people who were invited by Her highness Queen Elizabeth for prince Charles wedding, but due to his illness, he could not attend the wedding.
The war hero of Pakistan, Captain Kernal Sher Khan, who showed great valour in Kargil was from the Swabi district and belonged to the Yūsufzai tribe. Another prominent personality of Yousafzai is former Pakistan cricket captain, Younis Khan from Kamalzai, Mardan, who lead Pakistan cricket team win the T20 world cup 2009.
[edit] Demographics

Three sections of the tribe, the Hassanzai, Akazai and Chagharzai, inhabit the west slopes of the Black Mountain, and the Yusufzai country stretches to the Utman Khel territory. The population demographics of Yusufzais is unknown but there are more than 3 million Pashtu speaking Yusufzais. The main districts of Yousafzais are Swat, Mardan, Malakand, Swabi and Dargai. Ancient tribe of Yousafzai is Khwajas Khel, who lived at place Bam Khel earlier, but some of them migrated to Buner in the 19th century. The Famous Personality of Yousafzai is Imran Yousafzai from Swabi
[edit] Sub-Tribes

• Musa Khel • Amazai • Ahmed khel • Akazai • Babozai • Shamozai • Chagharzai • Hassanzai • Isazai • Kamalzai • Niamatkhel • Maddakhel • Malizai • Ranizai • Razarh • Utmanzai • Rohilla • Jalozai • Shamizai • Nikpikhel • Suleman Khel

[gadoonwal]

yousufzai

The Yousufzais are ,,sarbani,,pashtun tribe.
The wiki articles are not 100 correct.
For exampe the SWATI is another tribe of pashtuns and they are not related to yousufzais.
The Swatis are mainly living in distts mansehra,agror,oghy,batgram and many still live in swat.
There are many yousufzais in Thakot/batagram and the distt of ,,tor ghar/kala dhaka is majority yousufzai tribe still trible.

The yousufzai areas,swat,buner,tor ghar,thakot,mardan,swabi,chamla(mandarn yousufzais).There are many yousufzais in kundoz,jalal abad,turkistan and kandahar.
They are the most educated pashtuns in both afghanistan and pashtunkhwa.

[gadoonwal]

afridi,apridi,afreathi


Afridi fighters seen in a battle.



Flag of the Afghan Tribe - The Afridi. Made from historical Texts & references.


Afridi (Pashto: اپريدي, Urdu: آفریدی, classically called the Abaörteans (pronounced /ˌæbə.ɔrˈtiːənz/; Latin: Abaortae), is the name of a Pashtun (Pathan) tribe. The Afridis inhabit about 1,000 square miles (3,000 km²) of rough hilly area in the eastern Safed Koh range, west of the Peshawar Valley and east of Torkham, and Maidan in Tirah, which can be accessed by the Kajurhi plains and the valleys of Bara and Churah in Pakistan.
Contents

[hide]

• 1 History
• 2 Clans
• 3 Religion
• 4 Cuisine
• 5 Prominent Afridis
• 6 See also
• 7 References
• 8 External links

[edit] History

The great Sanskrit grammarian and historian Pāṇini, who himself hailed from Shalatur, a village located near the confluence of the Kabul and Indus rivers, mentioned the names of tribes such as the Madhumants and Aprits (identified with the modern Afridis) who inhabited the northwestern areas of ancient India in his Ashtadhayayi in the 5th century BC.[1]
The famous historian Herodotus mentions a region bordering on the banks of the Indus occupied by a people called the Pactyans[2] who were divided into four[citation needed] tribes, one which were the Aparthea or Aparutai, likely to be the Aprit mentioned by Panini (identified with the modern Afridis). They lay claim to an inaccessible upland area of refuge, the Tirah and its central place, Maidan and at Bagh[citation needed]. As a result, they forced passing invaders to pay toll[citation needed] tax for passage towards India through the Khyber Pass.
Some writers such as Haroon Rashid[3] think that some tribes like the Afridis and Khattaks are indigenous, considering, for instance, that the Afridis inhabited this terrain even during pre-historic times, which is before the recorded movement of other notable Pashtun tribes to their present abodes[citation needed]. Olaf Caroe and Aurel Stein are reported to have suggested that the Afridis may be the original inhabitants of the Gandhara area. According to Pashtun folklore, the Afridi tribe can trace its origin back to the eponymous ancestor of all Pashtuns, Qais Abdur Rashid, through his youngest son, Karlan. Thus, the Afridi tribe may be one of the infamous Karlani tribes, who had a formidable reputation as warriors. Some historians[who?] also theorize that the Afridis are direct descendants of Greeks. During the time of the invasion of India by Alexander the Great, some of his troops made this terrain their permanent abode.
The Afridis have a history as great warriors, known for their strategy and tenacity in the mountains. The Afridis once destroyed an entire Mughal army of Emperor Aurangzeb. Allegedly, only five Mughals made it out of the battle alive.[4] A method of execution used by the Afridi women involved the mouths of people being held open by a stick, then Afridi women would urinate into it, causing death by drowning.[5][6]
Amir Mizroch has proposed a theory that even the Pashtuns in Afghanistan and Pakistan could descendants of the lost Jewish tribe of Efraim. Shahnaz Ali at the Indian National Institute of Immunohaematology in Mumbai studied blood samples collected from Afridi Pathans in Malihabad, Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh, to check their putative Israelite origin.[7][8][9][10]
[edit] Clans

The British classified the Afridi in 8 different clans, with many subtribes in a hierarchical structure:[11]

• Kuki Khel
• Malikdín Khel
• Qambar Khel
• Kamar Khel
• Zakka Khel
• Aka Kel
• Sepáh
• Adam Khel

This article is missing citations or needs footnotes. Please help add inline citations to guard against copyright violations and factual inaccuracies. (August 2008)
All of the Afridi clans have their own areas in the Tirah, and most of them extend down into the Khyber Pass over which they have always exercised the right of toll. The Malikdin Khel live in the center of the Tirah and hold Bagh, the traditional meeting place of Afridi jirgas or assemblies. The Aka Khel are scattered in the hills south of Jamrud. All of this area is included in the Khyber Agency. The Adam Khel live in the hills between Peshawar and Kohat. Their preserve is the Kohat Pass. In which several of the most important Afridi gun factories are located. The Adam khel Afridis are further divided into seven clans.

The Khyber Rifles from 1895 comprising an all Afridi personnel.


[edit] Religion

All modern Afridis follow Islam. Their conversion to Islam is attributed to the invader Mahmud of Ghazni by sources such as Ibbetson[12] and Haroon Rashid[13].
[edit] Cuisine

Meat is an important part of their diet which they eat in the form of kabab (minced meat fried in oil in a special way), lamb curry (lamb is the favourite meat of Afridis in contrast with other groups in Pakistan who mostly like goat), chicken curry, goat curry and much more. The hotels in Peshawar Namak Mandi Bazar represent the traditional food of Afridis, especially Lamb Karahi. In vegetable cuisine bindi (okra), rajma (kidney beans), dal (lentils) and sag (spinach) are notable. Their desserts include kheer (rice pudding), meenchai (sugared noodles). They drink a lot of chai (green tea).

[gadoonwal]

There is another theory of afridi related to greeks.Afrathi.
who knows?

[gadoonwal]

marwat,merwat,


wiki
Marwat مروت, a well known branch of Pashtun tribe, are the direct descendants of a Persian Prince Shah Hussain of the house of Ghor (Afghanistan) and Bibi Mato (Daughter of Sheikh Baittan). The clan is named after 'Marwat', who was the great grandson of Ibrahim Lodhi or Lodi (second son of Prince Shah Hussain/Bib Mato and younger brother of Ghiji or Ghilzai). Their primary abode is District Lakki Marwat in the southern North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) of Pakistan. They are also settled in other places such as Tank and Dera Ismail Khan districts. Other tribes which live around them are Khattak, Wazir, Betani, Mahsud, Banuchi, and Niazi.

A typical Marwat with his child


Contents

[hide]

• 1 Origin of Marwat
• 2 Baittan Baba and Prince Shah Hussain
• 3 Bibi Matto
• 4 Exodus from Katawaz
• 5 Arrival period
• 6 Occupation of Lakki Marwat
• 7 Disunity and division
• 8 The people
• 9 FLAGS of the MARWATS
• 10 Leading Families (from "THE MARWATS" by Sher Muhammad Mohmand - 1999)
• 11 Brief description of some of the leading families (alphabetically)
• 12 Notable Marwats
• 13 MEDICINES
• 14 INSIGNIA & FLAGS of Lakki Marwat
• 15 Sources
• 16 References
• 17 External links

[edit] Origin of Marwat

Most of the Pashtoons trace their origin from Qais Abdur Rashid. It is said that he had gone to Mecca where Muhammad gave him the name Abdur Rashid. Due to his piety, decency, wit and wisdom he was widely known and respected in the area. Qais Abdur Rashid had three sons. Named Baitan, Ghourghusht and Sarban. Most of the Pashtuns tribes trace their origin from these three sons, or from Karlan, who was a foundling.
Some scholars challenge his theory. Bahadur Shah Zafar Kaka Khel, a renowned historian has discussed in detail various theories in his book Pukhtane Da Tareekh Pa Rana ke ("Pakhtoons in Historical Perspective"). Syed Awar-e-Haq Jeelani has translated his work in Urdu under the title of "Pushtun Tareekh Kay Ayeenay Main" (Peshawar, University Book Agency, 1964).
Some theoreticians consider that before the coming down of the Saka tribes of Aryans from the Central Asia, people were already living in the area now called Afghanistan. Those people were skilled in fighting and diplomacy that compelled the invaders to mention them in their epics.

(about some waziristan residence people called them their casty brothers,as in calander,the time of mehmood ghaznavi,the marwat was there in waziristan,but after the mehsud people defeated in afghanistan,they travel to waziristan, and mehmood ghaznavi gifted them this place(waziristan), and invite marwats to go down..(tank,gomal,laki marwat)
[edit] Baittan Baba and Prince Shah Hussain

Baittan baba was a puritan and pious saint of this region. His daughter, named Matto, was married to one Syed Shah Hussain, known as a prince of Persia. In a state of distress, Shah Hussain came to seek the blessing of Baittan Baba. Here, he took to worship and prayers and earned the favour of his mentor. The marriage of Shah Hussain and Matto generated some romantic stories. The oft-repeated story says;
"A Persian prince, Shah Hussain, on account of intense penury and indigence, was driven to the necessity of seeking succour from Bait Baba. He also remained engaged in singing hymns and worship. Finally, he was enamoured of the beautiful tresses of a beautiful maiden, the daughter of the Bait Baba. He fell deeply in love with the Baba's daughter, captivating belle. Bulk of work of piety did not thwart the emotions of love to avoid the scandal of their secret marriage. The first issue of Bibi Matto was named as Ghilzai, the thief son, and the other was named Ibrahim Lodhi.""One day, Ibrahim brought meal to his grand father, Baitan, who was so pleased that he uttered these words for him "loe-day" (he is a great one). This word later on became on Lodhi."Shah Hussain had another wife; name Mahi. She was the daughter of Kaaghdoam (or possibly Khak) who was a Karlani Pashtun. The offspring of these two (Mahi and Matto) were known as Mathi tribes. Some other scholars believe that the name of the tribes became popular after the name of Bibi Matto.
Shah Hussain, a Persian Prince, . Due to the atrocious attitude of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties, many influential families immigrated and settled in Persia and Khurasan (other parts of Afghanistan). On account of the defaulting attitude of the rulers towards the Sadat, the puritans kept their identity secret. It is just possible that predecessors of Shah Hussain, although Syed they were, might have arrogated for themselves the status of "Princes' of Persia". But in common parlance, Pukhtuns call a Syed as Bacha or Shahji (king) owing to deference.
[edit] Bibi Matto

Bibi Matto had six sons. Amongst them, Ghalzai and Ibrahim Lodhi became more famous. Their genealogical tree shows that Ibrahim Lodhi had three sons; each founding a sub tribe after his respective name. Among those sub tribes, the Lohani became more famous. Marwats are descendants of the Lohani sub tribe. They are subdivided into four clans (also known as Khels) known as Salars, Tappay, Mussa and Nuna. Some writers, including H. G. Raverty, reject this theory.
The romantic story of Shah Hussain and Bibi Matto is a creative fiction. Shah Hussain was allowed to live in the house of Baittan. He won the heart of his host who felt a strong desire to give daughter's hand in marriage to him.
The Marwats form one of the four Great sub-tribes of the Lohani tribes and are also known as Speen Lohani (white Lohanis). However, it is evident that the Marwat and the rest of Baittan tribes are the combination of the three best ancestries of Asia. In their veins, flows the Persian, the Israeli and Turkish Blood. The history of the Marwat tribe is old, interesting and revealing. The recent research in the field highlights a fascinating story of this tribe, The Lineage of this tribe goes back to the Pre-Islamic era.
Following interpretations have been made in this connection by Dr Chiragh Hussain in his book Dood-e-Chiragh:

1. The predecessor or the ancestor of the Marwat was named as Marwat.
2. There is a hill in Katwaz. Afghanistan, which is called Marwati. The Marwat tribe formerly inhabited there, and so they were named Marwat.
3. The word Marwat is derived from Arabic word "Murrawat", which means compassion, generosity and manliness. This really reflects and interprets the word Marwat on account of their moral values, habits, social contacts and hospitality even to day. In the past, the Aryan Chiefs took oath in the name of the Marwat tribe's modesty, when they were sworn as leaders of their tribe's.
4. The modern Western historians are of the view that all these old names are of geographical importance. For instance, Bait is the center of river Dajla and Farrat, and Haroot and Maroot are the names of two tribes. They were famous in the past for their purity. In the ancient religious books they have been mentioned in literary and allegorical sense.

[edit] Exodus from Katawaz

The original homeland of the Marwat's was Katawaz, South of Ghazni in Afghanistan. Now the Sulaiman Khel Tribe occupies this land. The Marwats migrated to Daman (present day Tank) and settled in this area. Under the stress of adverse circumstances some of them moved to other lands in the subcontinent.
Writers have expressed different views regarding the exodus of this tribe from Katawaz. One version goes as:
"A petty servant of the Sulaiman Khel tribe abducted a woman form the house of Azad Sultan Khel and sought asylum with the Marwat Tribe; who provided asylum to them under their convention ('Nanawati'). The Sulaiman Khel demanded extradition and handing over of the culprits, which the Marwat declined as they were bound by traditions to protect the honour and life of refugees under their protection."On refusal of several requests, the Sulaiman Khel were left with no other option but to attack the Marwats with full force. The Marwat were strong enough to withstand and repulse their initial attack. Then the Sulaiman Khel sought the help of other clans of the Ghilzai tribe, who answered the call positively. The combined force of the Ghilzai clans overpowered the Marwat tribe. To avoid the constant threat from the rival clans, the Marwats decided to migrate to some remote parts. Hence their subsequent migration to the Daman Area."We cannot ignore the fact that permanent settlement in old days was difficult. The whole tribe travelled and settled at places where better grazing grounds were found. Furthermore, as "might is right" goes, tribes with less fighting strength had to leave the place for stronger invaders. The Marwat, being less in number, migrated to safer places; Hence their migration to the Tank area.
Dr. Syed Chiragh Hussain says
"The early history of the Marwat is cloudy due to non availability of proper record like other Pashtoon tribes. However, in 1451 AD when the Delhi Sultanate was captured by Lodhis, then the trace of the Marwat is to be found in his reign. Bahlol Lodhi's call for getting land (Jagirs) in Hindustan was warmly received here. Khawas Khan Marwat was one of the famous Generals in Sher Shah Suri's reign. He had lost his life during the war of succession won by Salim Shah Suri."According to an account, the settlement period of the Marwat in the Daman area is probably during the reign of Lodhis. Sir Denzil Ibbetson disagrees. In his view the Marwat settled here in the reign of Moghul Emperor Akbar.
However, their stay in the Daman area was not long. They took new feuds on distribution of water with the Raees (Chief) of Tank, Shah Nawaz Khan Katti Khel. The Katti Khels were also their cousins. Marwats came around Tank and were in a position to drive the Katti Khels out of it. However, Shah Nawaz Khan sought help from the Gandapur and Mian Khel families and repulsed the Marwat attack. As a result, they were driven out of Daman and forced to migrate towards the Baeena Pass (Dara Pezu - the current site of Lucky Cement Factory).
Thus for one reason or the other they migrated to Daman and then Pezu via Gomal Pass. "Most of them ultimately settled in Tank with Niazis (also a branch of Lodhi group) who had been in the past driven in the same manner from their original lands".
[edit] Arrival period

Mira Jan Sayal writes in his book "Da Pukhtano Qabilo Shajare" that, "The Marwat arrived in this area during the early years of the reign of the Mughal King Akbar (1556-1605). They took advantage of the internal dissension among the Niazis, expelled them from this area and settled on the right bank of river Gambilla. Mayar, a branch of Niazis, sought help from the Marwat against its fellow Niazis Clan, Sarhang. The Marwat attacked the Niazis under Malik Qatal Khan and other Maliks. In a severe battle near Tatti Michan Khel, the Niazis were completely defeated and pushed towards Esa Khel. Among them, only the Michan Khels were spared due to their neutrality and religious position."
With the conquest of such a vast area, the Marwats dropped the idea of taking back Tank form Shah Nawaz Katti Khel, who extended his hand for friendship. This was accepted for the sake of guarding that Frontier.
[edit] Occupation of Lakki Marwat

For some time the Marwats confined themselves to pastoral pursuits. When their number increased, groups of families went out of the close settlement and spread over the vast plain - each within rather undefined limits of the allotment of the section to which it belonged. Such groups in turn became centres from which further migration took place. Thus in course of time the whole plain became populated. A large proportion of the Marwat settled down as agriculturists. Each community cultivated and held its land according to the "Wesh Tenure".
During the Mughal period, the Marwats; being little interrupted by others and being strong and united enough to defy any encroachment by other neighbouring tribes, enjoyed the singular good fortune of being left to themselves, and this developed and worked out their ancient communal institutions.
Meanwhile, the Mughal Empire, which was already on decline received a deathblow as its province on the right bank of the Indus River was conquered by Ahmed Shah Durrani in 1756. The whole territory of the Marwats came under the Kingdom of Afghanistan. It was ruled by the Durani King for more than 70 years; although practically they remained independent. In fact, this area was not regularly occupied because at that time, the Marwats lived a nomadic life. When attacked from any side they would simply migrate towards the hills with all their goods and cattle. During such visitations the material loss was not great, as those who led nomadic pastoral life retired with their flocks and herds into the hills, and those who tilled the soil either remained with the royal revenue collectors or fled to the hills. Thus beyond a partial destruction of his crops, no Marwat lost much as the stay of the Kabul troops was never long and the burning of his house only gave him an extra trouble of procuring a few ox-loads of reeds from the marsh and twigs from the jungle and building a hut of them.
In the words of Ghulam Habib Afghani, for the Marwats, the capturing of such a vast area was greater than their needs and they did not feel sorry for Tank which they had lost earlier. This vastness of land was the reason why there was no internal conflict. But the Niazis and the Ghazni Khel Khattaks from the east, and Kati Khel, Sulaiman Khel Wazir and Mahsoods from the south repeatedly attacked the Marwats. But due to their unity, they succeeded every time to repulse these attacks. They opposed any type of intervention from any tribe till Edward] took the whole area under his control for his political objectives.
The Marwats fought almost sixty battles against different tribes for safeguarding their frontiers. Sarfaraz Khan Khattak admits this fact in his book, "Tareekh-e-Khattak".
[edit] Disunity and division

This unity could not remain for a long time. The Marwats were divided into two gawands (groups) known as Speen-Gund (the white group) and Tor-Gund (the black group). This division among the Marwats is known as Gund Bazi (internal rivalry). The Speen-Gund includes Mama Khel, Begu Khel, Maidad Khel etc., whereas the Tor Gund includes Isa Khel, Ghazni Khel, Adam Zai, Tatter Khel, etc.
Initially all Maliks accepted the eldest man as the leader and considered his decision final and followed that. During the conflicts with Ghiljis, Wazirs, Dawars, Masoods, Niazis and Daulat Khels, decisions were taken by the headman and they were obeyed. However, in the wake of Gund Bazi the Marwat clans split into two groups. The leader of each Gund was supported by the allied Maliks. Basically the Gund Bazi started with a conflict between Begu Khels and Isak Khels. Maidad Khels joined the Begu Khel Gund and Ghazni Khel joined the Isak Khel Gund. Meena Khels held an important position due to their occupation of the Lakki City.
The Gund Bazi started when Salar Khan Maidad Khel; being proud of his Maliki (Chieftancy) tried to destabilize the Maliki of Sikandar Khan Azghar Khel with respect to Lakki City. Sikander Khan along with Sadar Khan Isak Khel attacked Salar Khan near village Dalo Khel (presently located on Tajazai-Lakki Highway). Salar Khan, his two brothers and five other men were killed. As a result of this Gul Rang Khan; son of Saleem Khan Miandad Khel became the Malik. He was bold, courageous and dashing and he fought several battles against the Khattaks.
Another Malik who was aspiring to share the Maliki with Gul Rang Khan was Gulan Khan of Tatter Khel. Gul Rang Khan had him killed on the plea that Gulan Khan showed cowardice during the Khattak campaign. When Almar Khan Isak Khel came to Sardar Samand Khan Begu Khel, he sided with Gulrang Khan. From that time, the Marwat tribe was divided into two groups.
"Any type of attack on one man was considered an attack on the whole Gund and it was responded to by the whole Gund. The whole Gund became a party to the happiness and sadness of a member of his own Gund".In the words of Ghulam Habib Afghani, other tribes took great advantage of this disunity because a lot of money and resources were spent on the procurement of weapons. Due to this Gund Bazi, Nawab Hafeez Ahmed Khan of Mankera was invited in 1819 to capture this area and secure taxes. Later on, the Nawab abandoned this area in favour of the Sikhs in 1823.
[edit] The people

Majority of the Marwats reside in and around Lakki Marwat, which had been a Tehsil of District Bannu for more than 132 years but became a district in early nintees of 20th century. A small proportion of other tribes also settled here. The main reason is that the area had remained economically un-developed through the ages and had a little attraction for new settlers.
The people of the Marwat tribe are strong, sturdy, and tall, of very sound physique and fair complexion (many are blonde with either green or blue eyes). About the people of this area Sir Herbert says, "the Marwat descend from the pure and nice generation of the trans-Indus area, tall, stout, handsome, candid with rosy cheeks generally. These entire features are due to their pure and nice Afghan origin and probably this is the reason that they are very dignified and generous and meet the strangers with great courtesy, They are very generous towards their woman folk as compared to the other tribes of Pathans".
Like other Pashtoons, Marwats are also divided into numerous Khels. The tribe is territorially divided into three great Tappas, viz, Dreplara, Musakhel-cum-Tappi, and Behram (subdivided into minor tappas Umar Khan Khel and Tatezai)
The two branches of Salar, i.e., Khado Khel and Achu Khel, along with Aba Shaheed Khel Sadat family, are known as dreplara. (Children of three parents). According to the distribution of land (Wesh System), Tappa Musa Khel and Noona Khel settled in the western part of Lakki Marwat. Behram in the middle and Dreplara in the eastern part.
Since most of the territory occupied by the Musa Khel (Kot Kashmir, Gandi Khan Khel, Mama Khel, Bayist Khel, Takhti Khel, Bragi, Shatoora), Noona Khel and Tapey is Pakha (solid) area, they are called Pakha Marwat (Solid Marwat). The area occupied by Dreplaree is sandy. Hence they are called Saga Marwat (Sandy Marwat).
Some important Khels are:

1. MEENAKHEL, who live in the heart of the city with a strong hold. Meenakhel is the biggest and unbeaten Political Family.
2. Musa Khel, with sections Takhti Khel, Januzai and Pasanni
3. Achu Khel, with sections Begu Khel, Isak Khel, and Ahmad Khel
4. Khadu Khel, with sections Sikandar Khel, and Mammu Khel
5. Nawab Khel, with Nar Muzzafar Khan
6. Bahram Khel, with sections Umar Khan Khel and Totezai; the latter with sub-sections Tajazai, Dilkhozai, Ghazni Khel, and lastly Tappi.
7. Achu khel ,a village located at a distance of 7 km from lakki marwat.This village has well known personalities and hospitable people in Marwat tribe.Its people are well educated as well as good players of cricket along Khyber PK.

They speak softer Pashto which is very similar to the Pashto spoken in Qandahar (Afghanistan) and Quetta (Pakistan).
[edit] FLAGS of the MARWATS

http://www.fotw.net/flags/pk-mrwt.html
[edit] Leading Families (from "THE MARWATS" by Sher Muhammad Mohmand - 1999)

(Alphabetically)

• Abba Shaheed Khels
• Ahmadkhels
• Begukhels
• Esak Khels
• Ghaznikhels
• Maidadkhels
• Mammakhels
• Meenakhels
• Mirzakhels

[edit] Brief description of some of the leading families (alphabetically)

• Abba Shaheed Khels

Abba Shaheed in the reality is Shaheed, the martyr whose actual name is Doulat Khan. His tomb is about 15 K.m towards west of D.I.Khan. Abba Shaheeds are now amulgamated themselves with all Pushto traitsof marwats to such an extent that neither Marwats expel them from MARWATGANAI (Marwat Brotherhood), nor do they call them 'SYEDS'. The main sub sections of Abba Shaheed Khels are

1. Abbakhels
2. Dallokhels
3. Mattoras
4. Zerhans

• Ahmadkhels

Ahmadkhels are the descendants of Ahmad Shah Baba whose mazar is in Afghanistan(KHOST). They live in village Ahmadkhel and Lakki Marwat. The prominent members of Ahmadkhel clan are HAJI KABIR KHAN former Member of National Assembly (MNA), Munawar Khan Marwat currently MPA (NWFP), Zafrullah Khan Marwat former Member of Provincial Assembly (MPA) (NWFP). They are the leading Business tycoons of the Area owing Bannu Sugar Mills, Ambassador Hotel, (Lahore), Flour Mills at D.I.Khan etc.

• Begukhels

A village of about 2000 population lying about 9 k.m away from lakki city inhabited by begukhel tribe of Marwats for more than last 300 years. The identity of the village and the clan presently rests with Mashal khan, having his three brothers namely AMANullah Khan (since dead), Diljan Khan and Amir Jan Khan.The village is known by the Founder of the family, Begu son of Hathi Khan Achu Khel. Begu along contingent of 120 Marwat horsemen served under Ahmad Shah Abdali, The Durrani King of Afghanistan, in th campaign against Marhattas which ended with the destruction of later at panipat near Delhi.Similarly he stood by his side at Punjab. On his way back from Panipat Ahmad Shah Abdali besides awarding SANADS to gallent Pushtoon soldiers, also exempted Marwat with land revenue. Begu was also awarded Jagir of Kaloor (Tehsil Mianwali) as Inam by Khan Dauran. After his return from panipat Begu led some expeditions against Niazis in Tank and Thall in the last of which he was killed at hands of Sher Khan Isa Khel (NIAZI). his second son Nawaaz Khan elected to succeed him. An incident of murder with ABIZar family led to unending chains of murder until at last the blood feud became so ramified than every clan and every family of repute in the Marwat got involved in the great qurrall. One party was led by Nawaz Khan s/o Begu khan assisted by nawaz khan s/o Baist khan . It was nawaz who invited foreign aid against his own kinsmen which is stigma on the reputation of their past unity. The leader of other party was ABIZAR , a distant cousion of Begu's son and one who aspires to be the chief of ACHU KHEL clan. Thus there arose two powerful Parties on the MArwat screen of events. One Party became Popular on the name of SPIN GUND or Gundi nawazan and other was known tp posterity as TUR GUND or Gundi Abizar. this divided the Marwats till the present day and gave the rise to saying GOD is one Marwats are two. Nawaz Khan spent his whole life to beat Abizar party. beaten in several squabbles, he got so revengeful that he invoked the aid of Nawab of Mankara, Hafiz Ahmad Sadozai. As a result Nawab's Army routed Abizar is 1819. Since that year Marwat lost their independence. The defeated Abizar allied himself with wazirs who were already ready to assist others when there was prospect of plunder. many fights assured in one of which wazirs sufferedheavily and were pursed across the kurram across the hills whenthe rule of sikhs superseded that of nawab. In 1843 Nawaizties assisted Fatah Khan Tiwana to built the Lakki Fort. Nawaz was killed and was succeeded by his younger brother Abu Samand. In Lakki Battle in 1822 when dre-plaris was attacked by Wazirs Jandar Khan Adamzai and Arsala Khan Ghanzikhel were at the side of Wazirs. while Abu samand and DIWANA KHAN SIKANDERKHEL were their revival in the side of MARWATS. Begukhel were regularly given shares of revenues which ahmad shah abdali and bahudar shah collected from MARWATS. in 1864 Khan Mir Khan became head of the family. After Khan Mir Khan , Muhammad Abbas khan shined as a chief of begukhel. His grandson, MAshal khan (LATE) was chief of Begukhel. He was MPA in NWFP assembly in 1965 & 1977. A common marwat called him by name of 'Member Sahib'. His brother Amanullah khan (now dead) however not been popular chief of begukghel. His next younger brother Dil Jan Khan was IG police NWFP and later on Addiotional Secatry Interior Ministry Govt. of Pakistan. Amir jan his younger brother mostly wedded to Business. Muhammad Abbas Khan's son Khan Muhammad Jan Khan retired as Additional Commissioner in NWFP. Muhammad Jan Khan's son Abdul Majeed Khan is the Addl.IGP of NWFP. Some others Personalities of Begukhgel are Shafiullah Khan commonly known by SHAPA KAHN is presently Chief of Begukhel, Ahmad Jan Khan (president ppp lakki), Muhammad Azeem Khan (Union Council Nazim begukhel), Sher Afzal khan, Shaukat Hayat (Naib Nazim) and fareedullah Khan begukhel. Begukhel erect stature stout built and are sports loving. They are extremly hospitable. They are very found of 'WRESHA' a sweet pudding which they specially prepare in their houses.

• Esakkhels

Esak Khels are a sub section of Achukhel Marwats. In the past they had a leading role in GUND Politics, being the heads of TOR GUND. Presently Muhammad Aslam Khan is the Chief of Esak Khels. His son Qudratullah Khan is the District Nazim of Lakki Marwat.

• Ghaznikhels

Ghazni Khel is one of the most famous and leading marwat clan. Ghazni Khels are leading the marwat tribe since long. They provide many chiefs to marwat tribe. They are identified by the large Egyptian forehead, erect stature and slow haughty gait.They are cool minded taciturn and wise.After Gul rang Khan Maidad Khel the headship of the clan shifted to Dauran Khan's sons namely ,Mahabat Khan, Arsala Khan and Azmat Khan and then to his grandson Purdil Khan(Raees). Out of them, Mahabat Khan and Arsala Khan was more popular owing to their chivalry, heroic feats and cleverness, finding also a mention in the war ballads.Mahabat Khan however was known for his militancy and brave disposition who fought several battles in cahoots. Mahabat Khan was a brave warrior of his time. As chief Mahabat Khan lead the Marwats against wazirs, Gandapurs and Khattaks. After Mahabat Khan's death his son Purdil Khan(Raees) became the chief of the clan and he is also brave like his father. After Purdil Khan's death his son Shadi Khan became the chief but after him the power shifted from Purdil family to Sher Dil. Sher Dil Khan Ghazni Khel had five sons namely Karim Khan Akram Khan, Faizullah Khan, Rehmatullah Khan, and Abdullah Khan. Ghaznikhels are Baram Marwats. Khan Faizullah Khan Ghazni khel was a leading businessman of Bannu District. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of NWFP in 1937. His son Barrister Khan Saifullah Khan was the first elected MNA from the Bannu District.Khan Abdus Sattar Khan Ghazni Khel is second MNA from Bannu. Khan Niamatullah Khan(Raees-e-azam) was Senetor twice and also served as Minister. Khan Abdul Majeed khan was chairman of bannu district. Saifullah Family in Ghaznikhel is eminent owing to their political propensities since long. Saifullah Khan sons are Humayun Saifullah Khan (MNA), Saleem Saifullah Khan (Senator), Anwar Saifullah Khan (MPA), Javed Saifullah Khan (Industrialist / Businessman) and Dr. Iqbal Saifullah Khan (renowned Cardiologist). Habibullah Khan, Dr Karamatullah Khan, Dr Abdul Aziz Khan, Mohammad Ali Khan, Qasim Khan, Saifullah Khan, Niamatullah Khan, Sher Jan Khan, Abdur Rahim Khan were some of the respectable members of this clan in the recent past. Karim Khan's grandson Abdul Ali Khan S/O Mohammad Ali Khan has remained DG Income Tax and Commissioner income tax Faisalabad. Inamullah Khan grandson of Abdullah Khan has remained as chief engineer CNW. Abdul Qayyum Khan s/o Khan Abdur Rahim Khan is a Ghazni Khel By origin, has remain XEN CNW department.# Inamullah Khan is a Ghazni Khel by origin and has remained as chief engineer CNW. Abdul Hameed Khan is also a Ghazni Khel and remained as chief Engineer Irrigation Department. Khan Mohammad is a Ghazni Khel by origin and remained as XEN irrigation. Adnan Khan is a Ghazni Khel by origin and working as dupty commissioner Income Tax Dept.

• Maidadkhels

The tribe is known by its founder Maidad Khan son of Mohabat Khan belonging to Khawas khel, a sub branch of Bhram Markhankhel.Maidad khel family for many generations gave chief's to Bahram khel branch of Marwat clan but the tenure of the leadership always proved uncertain and none among them could leave any impact on the clan. Leading Family of Spin Gund. Naseer Muhammad Khan is sitting MPA (former MNA). Other notables include Abdur Rahim Majzoob, renowned Pashto Poet, Dr. Fazal Raheem Marwat, Chairman Text Book Board, NWFP, (Late) Air Vice Marshall Sardar Khan (former V.C. UET, Peshawar)

• Mammakhels

It is sub-clan of Dilkhozai. Atal khan s/o Rindhal Khan renowned elder claimed his headships. His son Zafar khan and grandson khawas Khan and Sarwar khan were among respectables of Mamakhels. Malik Raza khan s/o khawas Khan locally knowns as HUKUMAT KHAN through old and is still active. He has been a member of NWFP assembly in the Past.

• Meenakhels

This is the sub-branch of Sikandarkhels or Dre-Plaris.The clan is known by the name of MEENA KHAN s/o UMAR KHAN s/o of BARMAZID KHAN since the time he took part in the battle of Lakki. Haidar Khan and his son Sarfaraz Khan are some of the renowned warriors in the history of MARWATs. Sarfaraz Khan was the chief of his clan at the time of Ahmad Shah Abdali and Taimur Shah. He was killed in one of the battles with the Kattikhels at Tank. He was succeeded respectively by Diwana Khan, Hakeem Khan, Haq Nawaz Khan, Muhammad Ayaz Khan, Khan Habibullah Khan Marwat (Acting President Islamic Republic of Pakistan and first ever Chairman Senate of Pakistan) and presently Anwar Kamal Khan Marwat (s/o Khan Habibullah Khan). They are all the elders of TOR GUND (the BLACK Faction). Hakeem Khan s/o of Diwana Khan, Raees-i-Lakki Marwat participated in the Sikh War in support of British. This made him big Jagir (estate) from them as well as title of 'Raees'. He brought Marwats back to present abode i.e. to the right bank of gambila river in 1864. Subsequently his son Muhammad Ayaz Khan was also 'KHAN SAHIB' and honourary magistrate. His elder brother Muhammad Haq Nawaz Khan was killed in action against tribal outlaws at Waziristan in 1902. Similarly his son Khan Habibullah Khan (1901–1978) was Chief Justice Peshawar High court. Revenue Minister in the former west Pakistan cabinet. Minister of Interior, Leader Of the house (CHEIF MINISTER) West Pakistan, First ever Chairman Senate of Pakistan. Justice Khan Habibullah Khan also remained as a acting President of Pakistan , when the President Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry went abroad. His sons are (Late) Muhammad Yousaf Khan Marwat (Rtd. SSP, Railways), Anwar Kamal Khan former Minister for Planning & Development and Senator, Presently Secretary General PML (N), Akhtar Munir Khan Marwat Former Federal Secretary of Pakistan Ministry of Kashmir Affairs and Northern Areas. Mohammad Ayaz Khan's next son Khan Sahib Muhammad Azeem Khan carried also a legendary fame among Hakeem Khan Khels. He is remembered for his hospitality, PUSHTOONWALI, wisdom and administrative acumen (as Chairman of the Town Committee, Lakki Marwat for 40 years at lenghth). His son Muhammad Saleem Khan was a Civil Servant - Provincial Civil Services (Executive Branch). He remained as a Managing director (M.D) Frontier Education Foundation. Muhammad Ayaz Khan's grandson ABEEDULLAH JAN Khan (s/o Nasrullah Khan) has been Inspector General (IG) Forests, Govt of Pakistan. He was also a caretaker Minister for Food & Agriculture, and lately Member Provincial Public Service Commission. Mr. Shah Nawaz Khan , Chief Justice of Peshawar High court and later, Judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, was the nephew of Habibullah Khan. His younger brother Muhammad Akram Khan Meenakhel, Advocate, was a prominent member of Lakki bar. He was the Revenue & Excise Minister in the NWFP cabinet. Haji Attaullah Khan, younger brother of Justice Habibullah Khan enjoyed due respect and veneration, among the Marwats. He also served as Chairman Town Committee Lakki and retired as Superintendent Police (SP). His son Fareed Ullah Khan Meenakhel is currently Tehsil Nazim Lakki Marwat. Marghoob Khan, Advocate, is a Prominent and shrewd pleader of Lakki bar. His father Atlas Khan and uncle Muhammad Abbas Khan were prominent elders. Dr. Ishtaiq Ahmad Khan (DIG investigation)also belongs to the Meenakhel clan. The former Chairman Area Electricity Board Peshawar Muhammad Younas Khan Marwat is also a MEENAKHEL, Marwat.
Meenakhels are extremly sociable, sweet and gentle. They are given to politics by disposition, but never indulge in disputes of other tribes. They are wealthier owing perhaps to their unbanisation trends and occupation of the central town of Lakki Marwat. Presently the clan is led by ANWAR KAMAL KHAN MARWAT who is blessed with gift of the gab and in fact endowed with all the admirable qualities, wisdom, craft and sagacity required for any leadership or cheiftaincy of today's Marwat.

• Mirzakhels

This a bazid khel sub-section of Khattack Khel under the higher branch Utman Khel (utman s/o Tapi s/o Marwat) and is popularised under the name of Mirza Khan s/o Darya Khan. Muhammad Zafar Khan s/o Muzaffar Khan was Chief of his clan. His grandson Rahim Dil khan s/o Sher Afzal Janghav been member of Provincial Assembly in 1937 & 1965. It may be noted that Sher Afzal jang is a prominent Urdu Poet. Saleem Dil Khan s/o Rahim Dil Khan who held a portfolio of Vice Chancellor of Gomal University D.i.Khan during the year 1989. Besides being a reputed Advocate and was Jugde in Peshawar High Court

[gadoonwal]

like i said wiki can be wrong since it is under influence of iranain and hindo nationalist.

shah husain ghori was not persain but a ghori afghan/pashtun.
Also marwats are related to ,,karlan,,trible group.

[Toramana]

gadoonwala, ma awraidali di chai pukhthana da marikh na raghali di, staso poha aow munnawar zihin pa dai larh ka sa wayi,...?

[Michin Khel]

Babars

Babar, the ancestor of the Babar tribe was born at Koh-e-Sulaiman in 1175; six generations after Qais Abdur Rashid. It is interesting to note that the Babars were initially the same tribe as the Shiranis, also settled in and around the same region as the Babars. As far as the pedigrees show, Shirani was the father of Babar. The Shiranis have three sub-tribes, namely:

• Marani

• Miani

• Babar

Maranis still refer to themselves as 'Shirani' as they are the main sub-tribe, but Babars and Mianis identify themselves as completely separate tribes. The Babars are treated by some genealogists as a section of the Shirani Tribe. They are, in fact, the latter's neighbours in the Zhob District of Pakistan, but so distinct that neither has any sense of common tribal solidarity; the Babars even collaborated with a British punitive expedition against the Sherani in 1853. Hence showing, they never speak of such a kinship.
In the 12th Century there was an initial settlement of a few Babar families in Chaudhwan, in the modern day district of Dera Ismail Khan in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa povince of Pakistan. By the 14th Century, they had moved entirely from the Sulaiman Mountains. In the early 16th Century the tribe had moved to Chaudhwan and some to Zhob. In c.1534, some migrated on to Kandahar in present day Afghanistan from Zhob. Meanwhile, in Chaudhwan, the Babars fought a battle against a local Baloch tribe and emerged victorious. In 1628, they fought another battle against the Gandapur tribe. Soon after, in 1647, the Babars fought off the Marwat tribe in order to gain full command of Chaudhwan by the mid 17th Century. Around the year 1700 or so, some Babars migrated up north to Pirpiai, which they established and held control of. In the reign of Ahmad Shah Durrani many moved east to Multan as well from Chaudhwan. By 1783, others had moved south to Shikarpur in Sindh.
This is why the Babar diaspora is spread across Pakistan and Afghanistan today. However, the most prominent communities remain the same, the most notable of which is in Pirpiai. Chaudhwan still has a large number of Babars living there. Other communities include, Zhob, Quetta, Multan, Kandahar and Shikarpur.
Structural Division of the Babar Tribe

The further subdivision of the Babar Tribe has been debated frequently in many genealogical books but the ground reality is very clear.
The tribe is divided into sub-tribes based on the offsprings of four sons:

• Maswad Khel

• Gora Khel

• Ibrahim Khel

• Marwat Khel (Later modified as Mara Khel)

Maswad Khel

Maswad Khel is further divided into the following sub-sections:

• Ahmed Khel

• Mardanzai

• Musazai

• Bahadinzai

• Ghorazai

• Mochizai

These Maswad Khel reside in Chaudhwan, Qila Saifullah (Pakistan) and Sheberghan (Afghanistan). The Ahmed Khel, however, mainly reside in Shikarpur (Pakistan)
Gora Khel

Gora Khel is further divided into the following sub-sections:

• Yasinzai

• Safarzai

• Shakarzai

• Khidarzai

• Mangalzai

Gora Khel reside in Chaudhwan, Qila Saifullah (Pakistan), Kandahar and Sheberghan (Afghanistan). The Yasinzai primarily live in Khangarh (Pakistan).
Ibrahim Khel

The Ibrahim Khel are known to be the most prevalent sub-tribe of the Babars. They primarily reside in Pirpiai, Chaudhwan, Multan, Ibrahim Khel Kot, Zhob, Qila Saifullah, Dera Ghazi Khan in Pakistan. In Afghanistan, they have communities in Kandahar and Sheberghan.
Marwat Khel / Mara Khel

Mara Khel is further divided into the following sub-sections:

• Mirzai

• Sulaimanzai

They reside in

• Garda Babar
• Lighat
• Zhob
• Qila Saifullah

in Pakistan. In Afghanistan, their main settlements are Kandahar and Sheberghan.
Note: All sub-tribes of Babars except Mara Khel are present at Chaudhwan, that is why this town is labelled by English historians as a center of command and authority of Babar tribe.
Migration of Babars

Pirpiai

Amanullah Khan Babar (Also known by his nickname 'Manu Khan') is the forefather of all the Pirpiai Babars. He was the first well known personality from the Babar tribe. Amanullah Khan belonged to the Ibrahim Khel sub-tribe and, hence, all Babars from Pirpiai belong the same sub-tribe. Initially, he belonged to Ibrahim Khel Kot, situated near Zhob. The remnants of the great fort built there by him still exist. The date inscribed on this fort is of AD 1650 (era of King Shah Jahan).
By profession, Amanullah Khan was a great trader, leading the Babar caravan starting from Calcutta and Bombay (India) all the way to Samarkand and Bukhara (Uzbekistan). He was also renowned as being a great warrior, protecting the caravans from being looted. Many heroic stories are told about his fights with different tribes.
By the end of his life, Amanullah Khan moved to Pirpiai along with his family, the main reason for which was to save his children from his enemies. This migration towards Pirpiai is well known and remembered by all the Babars in Zhob and Ibrahim Khel Kot. His name is included in all the Shajra (Pedigree) collected from the Pirpiai Babars. The fort he built in Pirpiai also still exists and is located in the heart of the village.
With the arrival of Amanullah Khan, the Babars settled in the Pirpiai region, in the beginning of the 18th century (era of King Aurangzeb). All the Babars there today are his descendants.
Shikarpur

In AD 1783, the army of Timur Shah Durrani, consisting of 12,000 Pakhtun soldiers, including Babars, moved to Shikarpur. Nur Mohammad Khan Babar (Gora Khel), who was the Finance Minister in the reign of Timur Shah Durrani, was present along with his Babar soldiers during this movement to Shikarpur, to fight against Talpurs in favour of Kalhora. During this fight, the Talpurs befriended Nur Muhammad Khan Babar and with his help, got Wali Sindh farman from King of Afghanistan.
Some of these Babar soldiers never returned and settled in Shikarpur - that was first settlement of Babars. They were mostly Ibrahim Khel and some Maswad Khel (specifically Ahmad Khel and Mardan Zai).
In AD 1795, Nur Mohammad Khan Babar, who was also the father-in-law of Zaman Shah Durrani, directed his grandson Sultan Mohammad Khan Babar to leave the governorship of Jalalabad to move to Shikarpur, forecasting his bad political career. Sultan Mohammad Khan Babar complied and upon relocating to Shikarpur, purchased a piece of land (50,000 acres) and canal from Dost Khan (The canal is still present near Sultankot). This deal was verified by Zaman Shah Durrani himself.
In AD 1798, Nur Mohammad Khan Babar was murdered by order of Zaman Shah Durrani and Sultan Mohammad Khan Babar was asked to return to Afghanistan but he refused and erected a wall around his settlement for safety purposes.
In AD 1838, Shuja Shah Durrani spent many months at this settlement as he had a family relationship with Sultan Mohammad Khan Babar. His daughter-in-law Ilum Bibi Babar (wife of his son Fateh Jung) was the daughter of Sultan Mohammad Khan Babar. Shuja Shah Durrani organized and trained his newly recruited army (including soldiers from Ranjit Singh) in Shikarpur with the help of British trainers to fight for the Kingship of Afghanistan.
In AD 1842, Shuja Shah Durrani was assassinated by Shuja-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Oudh, and Fateh Jung became the King of Afghanistan for a few months. Ilum Bibi Babar (wife of Fateh Jung) became Queen of Afghanistan during that period.
Multan

Multan is located on the trade route, starting from Calcutta and ending at Bukhara. The birth place of the Babar tribe is located very near to Danasar, at Koh-e-Sulaiman, on the above mentioned route. Babars started their economic career as traders at a small level during the 14th century. With passage of time, a majority of Babars adopted trading as a proffession. This trade reached a very high level during the 17th and 18th century; the golden period for the Babars. They started purchasing lands outside Koh-i-Sulaiman, at Chaudhwan, Zhob, Kandahar and Multan. The Babars were the only trading tribe who established their own residential compounds (Babar Sarai) for trading. These Sarai can still be found in Multan, Dera Ismail Khan and Kandahar. The first written evidence of Babars at Multan revealed that Manu Khan Babar was staying at Multan Babar Sarai in the 17th century.
Most Babars started settling at Multan in AD 1752 and onwards, after the capture of Multan by Ahmad Shah Durrani.
Nearly all the Babars settled in Multan were from the Ibrahim Khel sub-tribe. They settled as individual families and not as a single group, since they hadn't migrated from the same place. Initially, seven Babar families settled in Multan:
1. Abdul Karim Khan (Kandahar)
2. Rab Nawaz Khan (Kandahar)
3. Ghulam Haider Khan (Herat)
4. Mian Muhammad Qasim Khan at Kiri Afghan (Chaudhwan)
5. Mian Muhammad Qasim Khan at Kiri Misiri Khan (Chaudhwan)
6. Sarwar Khan (Ghazni)
7. Babar family at Toya Alam Shah (Chaudhwan)
Today, all Babars residing in Multan can trace their roots back to these seven families.
Khangarh

Khangarh is a town/tehsil of Muzzafargarh District. In this district, there are two settlements of Babars.
1. Khangan village, Tehsil Muzzafargarh:
Decendents of Abdul Karim Khan Babar reside here.
2. Khangarh:
The Babars here belong to the Yasinzai sub-section of Ghora Khel sub-tribe of Babars. Initially from Chaudhwan, the family of Naik Qadam Khan Babar moved to Ghazni and settled there. The tomb of Naik Qadam Khan Babar can still be found there.
From Ghazni, they moved to Bannu and then back to Chaudhwan.
From Chaudhwan, their family head, Muhammad Hussain, moved to Multan. His son, Abdul Samad Khan settled in Multan.
Allah Dad Khan, son of Abdul Samad Khan, moved on request of Khan Bibi (sister of Nawab Shuja Khan) to Khangarh as the administrator of Khangarh. His mango plantations of the time were famous. Saifullah Khan, son of Allah Dad Khan, was awarded the title of “Nawab” and Honorary Majistrate during the British era.
Nawab Saifullah Khan has six sons, among them Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan is a big name in Pakistani politics.
Sheberghan

Babars are widely scattered in Afghanistan, but the biggest community resides in the city of Sheberghan. It is the provincial capital of Jowzjan Province.
Before the reign of Sardar Daud, four thousand families of Babars were living in Sheberghan. During his time, upon the arrival of the Soviet Army, the Babar tribe supported Mujahideen. As a consequence, the lives of Babars there became miserable and their killing and looting started.
In 1953, 2000 Babar families moved further up to the mountainous areas while the remaining 2000 families moved to Balochistan (Pakistan). Pakistan arranged a camp for them in Loralai (Pakistan).
A few years back, Loralai camp was abolished. One thousand Babars families moved back to Sheberghan, 400 families are scattered throughout Balochistan and 600 families or so, live as a community in Qila Saifullah. Babars from all four sub-tribes are found here.
Afghanistan

There is a rough estimate of 70,000 Babars living in Afghanistan presently, in very scattered places.
The major settlements of Babars in Afghanistan includes:
Sheberghan (capital of Jowzjan province) - 9000 families
Kandahar (capital of Kandahar province) - 2000 families
Minor settlements include:
Maymana (capital of Faryab province) - 1500 families
Other settlements can be found throughout Afghanistan including, Kunar province, Herat province, Kundus province, Lugar province and Baghlan province. Babar communities can also be found in the cities of Kabul and Ghazni.
In the 16th century, a lot of Babar families migrated to Afghanistan from Chaudhwan and Zhob. They were tired of the high death toll resulting from bloody fights with neighbouring tribes for the sake of survival, water and lands. They were mainly rich people due to trading involvement. A majority of them settled in Kandahar, because Kandahar was a major economic and political center at that time in the region.
Gul Mohammad Khan was the chief of the tribe here and he was a member of the Loya Jirga during Mirwais Hotak's reign. He was also appointed as the Finance Minister during the era of Ahmad Shah Durrani.
In the 18th century, Nur Mohammad Khan, son of Gul Muhammad Khan was the Finance Minister during the era of Timur Shah Durrani and Zaman Shah Durrani. He did a lot for the Babar community in this whole region.
In the 19th century, in the time of Sher Ali Khan, Amir of Afghanistan, Pakhtun tribes from South Afghanistan were motivated to settle in the North. The same policy continued till King Zahir Shah.
This policy stimulated another big migration of Babars from Kandahar to Northern Afghanistan, mainly to Sheberghan.
Nowadays, the main trade in Sheberghan belongs to Babar tribe.
Tor Abbas Khan is chief of the Babar tribe at Sheberghan. The District Governor of Faizabad, Gohar Khan is also from the Babar community. The elders of these Babars still remember Chaudhwan as their native village.
Dera Ghazi Khan

Babars here descendants of two families:
1. Madu Khan
He belonged to the Maswad Khel Babar sub-tribe and resided in Chaudhwan. He murdered his tribesman in the village. The Jirga decided to provide 200 animals and 2 women for marriage to the affected family in compensation. Madu Khan decided to leave the village. He travelled on the right bank of the Indus River and reached Dera Ghazi Khan, where he settled. His grandson, Abdul Karim, joined the British Police.
Today, the majority of this family serves in the Police Department.
2. Charsham Khan
He belonged to the Ibrahim Khel Babar sub-tribe and also resided in Chaudhwan. Charsham Khan Babar was a follower of Pir Khwaja Sulaiman. He moved to Druk, District Musa Khel, Balochistan to live with Pir Sahib. When Pir Sahib shifted to Taunsa in Punjab, this Babar family also accompanied him. From Taunsa Sharif, this family, later on shifted to Dera Ghazi Khan.
Notable People

Amanullah Khan Babar (Manu Khan)

Amanullah Khan Babar (Also known by his nickname 'Manu Khan') is the forefather of all the Pirpiai Babars. He was the first well known personality from the Babar tribe. Amanullah Khan belonged to the Ibrahim Khel sub-tribe and, hence, all Babars from Pirpiai belong the same sub-tribe. Initially, he belonged to Ibrahim Khel Kot, situated near Zhob. The remnants of the great fort built there by him still exist. The date inscribed on this fort is of AD 1650 (era of King Shah Jahan).
By profession, Amanullah Khan was a great trader, leading the Babar caravan starting from Calcutta and Bombay (India) all the way to Samarkand and Bukhara (Uzbekistan). He was also a renowned as being a great warrior, protecting the caravans from being looted. Many heroic stories are told about his fights with different tribes.
By the end of his life, Amanullah Khan moved to Pirpiai along with his family, the main reason for which was to save his children from his enemies. This migration towards Pirpiai is well known and remembered by all the Babars in Zhob and Ibrahim Khel Kot. His name is included in all the Shajra (Pedigree) collected from the Pirpiai Babars.
With the arrival of Amanullah Khan, the Babars settled in the Pirpiai region, in the beginning of the 18th century (era of King Aurangzeb). All the Babars there today are his descendants.
Gul Mohammad Khan Babar

AD (1709–1747)
Gul Mohammad Khan Babar belonged to the Gora Khel sub-tribe and used to live in Kandahar. There, he was the chief of the Babar tribe and Member of the Loya Jirga in the era of Mir Wais Hotak. Gul Mohammad Khan Babar was also the Finance Minister in the reign of Ahmad Shah Durrani (AD 1737-1747). He is also remembered most for his participation in the Third Battle of Panipat against the Marathas.
Nur Mohammad Khan Babar

AD (1747–1798)
Nur Mohammad Khan Babar was a famous personality of his time. He belonged to the Gora Khel sub-tribe and was also from Kandahar. He was the son of Gul Mohammad Khan Babar and like his father, he was appointed as Finance Minister in the reign of Timur Shah Durrani. He later on continued with the same post in Zaman Shah Durrani's time. He was also the father-in-law of Zaman Shah Durrani.
Nur Mohammad Khan Babar served and helped his tribesmen in Shikarpur, Multan and Chaudhwan. Due to his efforts, the Babar tribe was exempted from taxes and compulsory recruitment in the army during the Durrani Empire. Sadly, in AD 1798, Nur Mohammad Khan Babar was murdered on the order of Zaman Shah Durrani, his own son-in-law and Shah of Afghanistan.
Abdul Kareem Khan Babar

He belonged to the Ibrahim Khel sub-tribe from Multan. Abdul Kareem Khan served as Chief of the Multan Provincial Army in the Sadozai and Sikh regimes. He was famous as a great administrator.
Sultan Mohammad Khan Babar

AD (1795–1822)
Another famous personality of his time, Sultan Mohammad Khan Babar belonged to the Gora Khel sub-tribe from Shikarpur. He was the grandson of Nur Mohammad Khan Babar. He was appointed as the Governor of Jalalabad in the era of Zaman Shah Durrani. He gave up his post and relocated to Shikarpur, upon the wish of his grandfather. Here, Sultan Mohammad Khan Babar purchased 50000 acres of land and also, a canal, from Dost Khan. He used to reside in Sultan Kot, just outside Shikarpur.
Sultan Mohammad Khan Babar was also on really good terms with Shuja Shah Durrani since his daughter was married to Shuja Shah Durrani's son, Fateh Jung. Shuja Shah Durrani stayed at his settlement in Shikarpur for many months.
Zaman Khan Babar

AD (1849–1901)
Zaman Khan Babar was a Maswad Khel babar from Chaudhwam. He served as a Commander in the army of Amir Abdur Rahman Khan. He also led the fight against the invaders from neighbouring tribes in order to protect Zam Chaudhwan (the only drinking water and irrigation source to Chaudhwan). Zaman Khan Babar was known as a brilliant warrior, leader and tactician. He also built a fort at Zam Chaudhwan.
[edit] Allama Abdul Shakoor Rashad

AD (1921–2004)
Allama Abdul Shakoor Rashad was an Ibrahim Khel Babar from Kandahar. He served as the Deputy Mayor of Kandahar and later on in life was a Professor at Kabul University. He has written a total of 139 books. 59 out of which have been published and 80 are unpublished. One of his unpublished books, "Aminul Mulk and Babar Clan" is the leading source on the history of Babars.
Babar Queens

The first Babar Queen was the daughter of Nur Muhammad Khan. She was the wife of Zaman Shah Durrani, the Shah of Afghanistan. It is unclear as to whether her name was Shako Jan or Aziz Bibi.
The second Babar Queen was Ilum Bibi. She was the wife of Fateh Jung Durrani, son of Shuja Shah Durrani. She was the Queen of Afghanistan for the short duration that he was King.

[gadoonwal]

toramana,,zama zehan wy chi taaso pa asal pakhtun na ye,,
dir imkan lari chi taaso ,,paracha,,yani kasabgar ye,,,,,
da yousufzo pa seema ki dir ,,kasabyan/kamzat,,,yani ,,khoshi,,hum shta.
yousufzai dir pukhtaana aw pa pakhtu main halaq dey .
I am sure you are some ,,kasbi/khoshai,not yousufzai.
The kasabgars are hindoes and parachas,awan are in the same category.
They are low life people and pashtuns never marry them.
They are born to serve their pashtun master and some of them like you,,got a chance,,to start ,,chaplosi,,for westreners now.
kasabagars can start another thread to discuss their history.
Ask a swatai yousufzai he will tell you about what ,,parachas doing in their area.

[torkham]

asalamalaikum
i would like to see each member ask their parents and grandparents of origins/history or related information of their tribes.

for example most of the old generation died before i had the interest to ask for this information.

my family is momand. what I know is that most of our momands are settled in nangarhar, herat, fata mohmand agency. my family claims momand origin is kandahar.

knowledgeable members please add any information you have from your family.

[Manzareh]

Afridis and Khattacks are fierce and brave people, true warriors.
Yusufzai people are intelligent and good looking
Marwats famous for their extreme hospitality

what other traits do you notice amongst others?

[Roshina]

Clearly, we don't keep track of tribe information in Swat, so my parents don't know which tribe and which clan we are from. But I rrrreaallly wants to knooooowww!!! (And, no, not everyone in Swat is a Yusafzai.) Tribal identity doesn't matter to me - I just wanna know it so that I can know how far back to trace my history. The reason I don't believe in tribal identities is Gadoonwal's post above, in which he made it very clear that it has led to a class system, the same system that we condemn the Hindus for. How are we any different, damnit? I would marry an illiterate qasabgar for his personality and character over an educated but arrogant Yusufzai any day. Screw any kind of education that'll fool you into believe that you're better than another group of people just because you belong to a different tribal group. What a shame! There's nothing natural about their occupation; they are like that because of the lack of opportunities they've been afforded, whether by their initial social circumstances or because of the "superior" tribes in their vicinity.

[Notorious Pashtana]

^^^ I thought they were really into their tribes? It's a big deal apparently?

[Roshina]

^ Na, not according to my experiences with them. And my cousins till date don't know their tribe information, either. And even online, I know of barely one Pukhtun who knows her tribe name and gives it any importance.

I think it's because in Swat, we have this class system where each family belongs to a certain class rather than a certain tribe. Since emphasis is thus placed on your class, you don't end up knowing much, if anything at all, about your tribe. The classes are often identified by their profession, and some are claimed not to be "original" Pukhtun... and this then determines their place in society, which tends to be quite a debasing one. It's really disturbing for those of us who don't support such divisions, but when you've grown up in such a society and such conditions, you grow accustomed to them and are programmed not to question them, so it never crosses your mind that perhaps it has more drawbacks for the society as a whole.

[Notorious Pashtana]

^^^ interesting. the class system is news to me. i know of a couple of people from Swat who stick within their circle and don't associate much with other pashtuns, i thought it was a tribe thing, the class thing makes sense now.