some Pashto words

[SiiNii]

Here you go cleaned up and amplified.

[SiiNii]

Whenever you need anything converted feel free to contact me.

[Yousafzai Pakhtun]

I talked to my Pashtun (and Pashto) professor (phonology is his specialization). He said that male singular forms end in ǝ.
I also asked him to record the correct pronounciation. I'm attaching 5 files in *.3gp format. I hope you could open them. If any of you have time you can unzip and convert them to the *.mp3 format and upload here.

She said you did not recognize him
هغې وویل چې تا هغه و نه پېژنده
(track 1)

She said you did not recognize her
هغې وویل چې تا هغه و نه پېژنده
(track 2)

He said you did not recognize her
هغه وویل چې تا هغه و نه پېژنده
(track 3)

He said you did not recognize them (female)
هغه وویل چې تا هغې و نه پېژندلې
(track 4)

He said you did not recognize them (male)
هغه وویل چې تا هغه و نه پېژندل
(track 5)

Yasmeenah there is no difference between your first two sentences. I think in the second one it should be "وپېژندۀ" instead of "وپېژنده" the "hamza" on the "ہ" makes the difference for male we use the "ہ" with "hamza" on it and for female there is only "ہ" for example:
She was standing (هغه ولاړه وه)
He was standing (هغه ولاړ وۀ)

Secondly for "them" (هغوي) is used both for male & female. You have used "هغې" for "them"(fem) and "هغه" for them(male) in the last two sentences.....

[یاسمینه]

Yasmeenah there is no difference between your first two sentences. I think in the second one it should be "وپېژندۀ" instead of "وپېژنده" the "hamza" on the "ہ" makes the difference for male we use the "ہ" with "hamza" on it and for female there is only "ہ" for example:
She was standing (هغه ولاړه وه)
He was standing (هغه ولاړ وۀ)

Well I was taught by a Pashtun professor of Pashto language, that وه with hamza ( وۀ ) is used in the verb 'to be' in the 3rd person,singular, male form in past tense. It is not used in past tenses of other verbs. I was told that the hamza in other verbs of past tense (as it is in your example) وپېژندۀ is more like stylistic manner without any grammatical consequences.
I also checked it in A Handbook of Pashto Verbal Conjugation and I didn't find any verb in past tense (3rd sing male) with hamze
But maybe it is used in Eastern dialects ie. in Pakistani Pashto.

Secondly for "them" (هغوي) is used both for male & female. You have used "هغې" for "them"(fem) and "هغه" for them(male) in the last two sentences.....
Yes, you are right, my mistake - in the sentence ".. you did not recognize them (male) هغوی should be used. I will correct it later on.
But I think in the sentence nr 4 هغې was used correctly.

[SiiNii]

Here is the corrected number 5.

[2jan]

Salaam all Yasmeena,Yusufzai Pakhtun, SiiNii and all others for helping me.

My next set of questions

No one can stop her from seeing her daughter = hagha da khpali lor ledalo na his sok na she mani kawalay

How do you say - No one can stop him from seeing his daughter/his son
No one can stop her from seeing his daughter/his son
No one can stop him from seeing her daughter/his son

You may have noticed i have problem understanding with male and female endings.

[Yousafzai Pakhtun]

Salaam all Yasmeena,Yusufzai Pakhtun, SiiNii and all others for helping me.

My next set of questions

No one can stop her from seeing her daughter = hagha da khpali lor ledalo na his sok na she mani kawalay

How do you say - No one can stop him from seeing his daughter/his son
No one can stop her from seeing his daughter/his son
No one can stop him from seeing her daughter/his son

You may have noticed i have problem understanding with male and female endings.

1. No one can stop him from seeing his daughter/his son = hissok hagha da khpley lur/khpal zwee da ledo na na' shi mana kawaley

2. No one can stop her from seeing his daughter/his son = Hissok Hagha da "hagha' da lurr/zwee" da ledo na na' shi mana kawaley

3. No one can stop him from seeing her daughter/his son = Hissok hagha da "haghey da lurr/zwee" da ledo na na' shi mana kawaley

[یاسمینه]

No one can stop her from seeing her daughter.
هیڅوک نشي کولای هغه د خپلې لور له لیدو نه منع کړي.

No one can stop her from seeing her son.
هیڅوک نشي کولای هغه د خپل زوی له لیدو نه منع کړي.

No one can stop her from seeing her daughters.
هیڅوک نشي کولای هغه د خپلو لورانو له لیدو نه منع کړي.

No one can stop her from seeing her sons.
هیڅوک نشي کولای هغه د خپلو زامنو له لیدو نه منع کړي.

(in the 4 above examples 'her' - 'هغه ' is pronounced like hagha)


No one can stop him from seeing his daughter.
هیڅوک نشي کولای هغه د خپلې لور له لیدو نه منع کړي.

No one can stop him from seeing his son.
هیڅوک نشي کولای هغه د خپل زوی له لیدو نه منع کړي.

No one can stop him from seeing his daughters.
هیڅوک نشي کولای هغه د خپلو لورانو له لیدو نه منع کړي.

No one can stop him from seeing his sons.
هیڅوک نشي کولای هغه د خپلو زامنو له لیدو نه منع کړي.
(in the 4 above examples 'him' - 'هغه ' is pronounced like haghǝ)

[یاسمینه]

You can also replace هغه with other personal nouns:


No one can stop her from seeing her daughter.
هیڅوک نشي کولای دا د خپلې لور له لیدو نه منع کړي

and

No one can stop him from seeing his daughter.
هیڅوک نشي کولای دی د خپلې لور له لیدو نه منع کړي

[یاسمینه]

Other changes:

لیدو can be replaced by لیدلو
لورتني can be replaced by لورګاني or لوني (all of them are plural forms of لور )

[یاسمینه]

You can also replace هغه with other personal nouns:


No one can stop her from seeing her daughter.
هیڅوک نشي کولای دا د خپلې لور له لیدو نه منع کړي

and

No one can stop him from seeing his daughter.
هیڅوک نشي کولای دی د خپلې لور له لیدو نه منع کړي

Using these personal pronouns (دی and دا ) you have to remember, that they change their forms in oblique case.
دی changes into ده (dǝ)
دا changes into دې (de)

So 'with him' would be له ده سره
and 'with her' would be له دې سره

[Yousafzai Pakhtun]

"Da" and "Dee" are only used for those pronouns that are present.
And bTW what is that damn "kawley shi/nashi kawley" in your sentences? I think there is no need of these words.
"Hessok hagha/da(if the person is present) da khpley lurr da ledo/ledalo na nashi mana kawaley

[یاسمینه]

"Da" and "Dee" are only used for those pronouns that are present.
I have never heard about this rule. I was told that personal pronoun هغه is used more often in certain dialects. Anyway I will ask my Pashtun professor.
And bTW what is that damn "kawley shi/nashi kawley" in your sentences? I think there is no need of these words.
The same sentence can be expressed in Pashto in few ways. I think both versions are correct. Probably in one dialect (or area) the X word order is most common, in other -Y. Also, don't forget that there is a difference between colloquial and literal language.
And BTW, please moderate your language.
"Hessok hagha/da(if the person is present) da khpley lurr da ledo/ledalo na nashi mana kawaley
Since we do not know the context of the situation, ie. if she or he are present during conversation, both versions are correct.

[tor_khan]

Other changes:

لیدو can be replaced by لیدلو
لورتني can be replaced by لورګاني or لوني (all of them are plural forms of لور )

Whilst there are many dialectical examples of expressing the plural for daughter لور I am not sure about لوني without the retroflex ڼ

I would use ڼ in the spelling for the plural.

(singular) لور
(plural) لوڼه

To indicate possession that would be لوڼي

The other examples of sentences may need trimming back Yasmeenah. There is something grammatically superfluous about the way this is expressed (in written/spoken form).

هیڅوک نشي کولای دا د خپلې لور له لیدو نه منع کړي

One example:

هیڅوک هغه د خپلې لور [د] لیدو نه نشي منع کولای

P.S. We need to be careful about labelling Pashto as 'Pakistani Pashto' or 'Afghan Pashto'. That implies a vertical line between Pashto regions. The reality is the 'lines' are more horizontal e.g. friends of mine who are from Kunar and Bajaur share a very similar vernacular to me.

[یاسمینه]

Whilst there are many dialectical examples of expressing the plural for daughter لور I am not sure about لوني without the retroflex ڼ
I would use ڼ in the spelling for the plural.
(singular) لور
(plural) لوڼه
To indicate possession that would be لوڼي

Right, it was my typo (I wrote لوني instead of لوڼي )
Maybe you would say لوڼه in plural form. But there are also other options. There is a source saying that the plural rectus form is لوڼي . ( http://www.pashtunforums.com/pashto-...russian-24442/ p. 1056; There are also other female nouns that end in ي in plural rectus case. )


The other examples of sentences may need trimming back Yasmeenah. There is something grammatically superfluous about the way this is expressed (in written/spoken form).

هیڅوک نشي کولای دا د خپلې لور له لیدو نه منع کړي

One example:

هیڅوک هغه د خپلې لور [د] لیدو نه نشي منع کولای

I checked these examples with a Pashtun. So, if a Pashtun, who is one of my Pashto authorities says so, to me it means that this is also okay.


P.S. We need to be careful about labelling Pashto as 'Pakistani Pashto' or 'Afghan Pashto'. That implies a vertical line between Pashto regions. The reality is the 'lines' are more horizontal e.g. friends of mine who are from Kunar and Bajaur share a very similar vernacular to me.
If it comes to terminology, there is no such thing like 'Afghan' Pashto. 'Central', 'Eastern', 'Western', 'Kandahari', 'Pakistani' or 'Peshawari' are most often used terms. It should be noted, that these names refer to the groups of dialects, not to the one specific, for example Western dialect. Thus when I say 'Pakistani' I mean a group of Eastern dialects. According to scholars, most of Eastern dialects is on the Pakistani side. For me this distinction is not horizontal neither vertical. For me it means that certain linguistic fenomena like monoftongization are typical for Eastern areas, certain words are typical for East, certain forms of conjugation or declension are typical for East etc. All such phenomena can be observed even here, on the PF, when Pashtun users write using so-called 'English' transcription of Pashto.
There is something else. Geographical boundaries of the different dialects have never been investigated and that's why they have never been exactly known. The ongoing war, internal migrations contributed to the further 'blurring' of the boundaries between users of different dialects.