Pashto Basic course discussion topic.

[spogmai shaglay]

Thanks Sabrina ... i am trying to keep up with lessons and home work.....
i really wish that we should have more people learning here..as u know learning as a group is fun...

[spogmai shaglay]

PLEASE POST 5 SENTENCES WITH COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES

1) Sor yaw tiara rang de…. Red colour is a dark colour

Argwanne rang da sor rang na tiara dey.. Purple is darker than red

Tor rang do tolo na tiara dey.. Black is the darkest of all colours

2) Laila der starey da… Laila is vert tired…

Spogmai da laila na der starey da…Spogmai is more tired than Laila…

Ta do tolo na der starhey dey.. You are the most tired of all…

3) India der loi haiwad dey… India is a big country…
America da india na der loi haiwad dey… America is a bigger country than india..
Russia da tolo na loi haiwad de… Russia is the biggest country of all….

4) Zama kor laray dey… my house is far…

Sta kor zama da kor na laray dey…you house is further than my house…

Da hagha kor da tolo na laray dey… his house is the furthest of all..

5) Zama las leek roon/saaf dey…. My hand writing is clear

Da Amir las leek da da Sabir las leek na roon/saaf dey…. Amir’s handwriting is cleaner than my handwriting..

Da Kabir las leek da tolo na roon/saaf dey….Kabir’s handwriting is the cleanest of all…

6) Salar narey dey… Salar is thin

Nadir da Salar na narey dey….. Nadir is thinner than Salar..

Zahid da tolo na narey dey… Zahid is the thinnest of all…




Osho....i am not convinced with the first three sentences about colour....coz dark is also known as tor....i read a word tiara which also means dark i guess...

hence i have posted 6 sentences .... i know u will correct all... just to compensate if 1st is completely wrong.....

[spogmai shaglay]

Little confusion here.... if u can please clear my doubt...the doubt is in bold and italic...

Comparison of adjectives

Positive

da kitab kha day<<<<< This book is good

Comparative

kitab A da kitab B na kha day <<<<< book A is better than book B

Superlative

kitab A da toolo na/ DA GARHDO NA kha day<<<<<< book A is best of all

in Pashto the word NA is used for THAN and da toolo na/ da garhdo for best of all

JanaanGull Kha/sha de > JanaanGull is good

Smiley da JanaanGull na kha da > Smiley is better than JanaanGull

Aimal khan da Tolo na kha de > Aimal khan is best of all

Zeb Khesta de > Zeb is handsome

Sanam da Zeb na khesta de > Sanam is more handsome than Zeb

Fuad da tolo na khesta de > Fuad is most handsome of all

zamasite.com mashahoor site/web panrha de/da >zamasite.com is a famous site

Hewad.com da Pakwatan na mashahoor de > Hewad.com is more famous than pakwatan.com

pashtunforums.com da tolo na mashahoor de >pashtunforums.com com is the most famous of all

Pashto zda kol asaan di> Pashto is easy to learn

angrezi zda kol da pukhto na asaan wi > English is easier to learn than Pashto

spanish zda kol da tolo na asaan wi > spanish is easiest to learn of all

1) Yaseer kha lob gharhey dey........... Yaseer is a good player

Yaseer da Salman na kha player dey........ Salman is better than Yaseer....shouldnt this be ...Yaseer is better than Salman.. coz this sentence seems to be different than others...

Afridi da toolo na kha player dey.......Afridi is the best playerof all.

2) Heena larnda da........................Heena is short.

Nausheen da Heena na larnd da............ Nausheen is shorter than Heena.

Fatima da toolo na larnda/chita/tita da........ Fatima is the shortest of all.

3) Sharmeen masroof da.........Sharmeen is busy.

Khushboo da Sharmeen na masroof da.......... Khushboo is busier than Sharmeen.

Sanam da toolo na masroof da...........Sanam is the busiest of all,

4) Amir khesta dey..........Amir is handsome.

Salman da Amir na khesta dey...........Salman is more handsome than Amir.

Haroon da toolo na khesta dey.......... Haroon is most handsome than all.

5) Zama bag droond dey..........My bag is heavy.

Sta bag zama da bag na droond dey...... Your bag is heavier than my bag.

Sta bag da toolo na droond dey........... Your bag is the heaviest.

PLEASE POST 5 SENTENCES WITH COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES

[spogmai shaglay]

You can friend....if u want too....

[Badlun]

^do you want me to answer that?

Please shlombay and I request all other friends who are expert to correct, reply, comment on the questions and remarks of the participants here. I some times travel and cant be regular here so any body please contribute in any shape. Its an open virtual class for learners/participants and teachers/facilitators.

AND PLEASE WRITE HERE ONLY LESSONS/COURSE RELATED STUFF NOT PERSONAL REMARKS OR SHORT SENTENCES

I wana develop a very professional Pashto course here.

[spogmai shaglay]

are more lessons coming up????????............ where are all the teachers????.... please do the correction for the sentences posted...........?????

[Badlun]

Lesson no 9

Verb and tenses

Verb is considered to be the most important part of speech.It tells us about noun or pronoun, what they do or how they exist.Verb determines person, mood, tense, perfection or continuity etc.

Infinitive < masdar

In Urdu or Persian we also call it masdar. In English it is preceded by to as to go, to eat, to sit etc. In urdu its symbol is na at the end of the word as jana, khana, bhetna etc, in Persian its symbol is n at the end of a word as raftan, khurdan, nashistan etc

In Pashto its symbol is L at the end of the word as

tlal < to go

khwarhal<to eat
Lambal > To take a bath

Achawal /aghundal > To wear

Lustal/Lwastal > To read

Leekal > To write

Oodakeedal/khobedal > to sleep

khandalkhandeedal > to laugh

jarhal/Jarheedal > to cry

Mrheedal > To Die

khenastal< to sit

to read, Lustal/ Lwaslal.... to wash, Weenzal.... to stand, Udreedal... to get up,Paseedal./jagedal.. to fly, Alootal... to draw, Aks jorhol... to become, Jorheedal... to catch, Neesal./niwal.. to give, Warkol... to bring,Rawastal/rawrhal... to leave, Prekhawdal... to learn, Zda kol.... to start, Shuroo kol... to continue,Shuroo saatal... to offer, Warkol..... to try, Koshish kol... to ask, Tapos kol./pukhtal..

Kol is also read as Kawal

Infinitive then takes many shapes as we use verb in different places

[Badlun]

Tense shows time of action or existence, like many languages Pashto has 3 major tenses

present<<<<<<<<< oosanai zamana/da wakht
past<<<<<<<<<<<<< tera shawi zamana/ter shaway wakht
future<<<<<<<<<<< rarawana zamana/rarawan wakht

Present tense

Present indefinite tense

I eat <<<<<<<<<za khwram
we eat<<<<<<<<< mong/j khworo
you eat<sing.<< ta khwray
you eat<plural.<<< taso khwrai
he/she eats <<<<<< hagha khwree
they eat<<<<<<<<<< haghoi khwree

I go home > za korta zam

He/she goes home > hagha korta zee

They go home. > Haghoi korta zee

We go home.> Moong korta zoo

You (sing) go home > ta korta ze

You (plu) go home > Tasu korta zai

The verb go tlal in Pashto is a bit different ,IN the sentences above the masdar tlaal has very different shapes zam, zoo, zey, zee

to learn < zda kawal it is a compound verb made of two words

I learn, za zda kawoom

we learn, mong/j zda kawoo

she/he learns,hagha zda kawee

they learn, haghoi zda kawee

you learn (sing),ta zda kaway

You learn (plural) taso zda kawai

masdar to see < katal again like tlal ,katal has very different shapes

I see, za goram< in southern parts you may also here za kasam for za goram and so on

we see, mong goroo

she/he sees, they see, haga/ haghoi goree

you see(sing.), ta goray

you see (plural) taso gorai

to live < jwand kawal or jwanday kadal or jwand terawal

I live, za jwanday yam

yam is translation for am in English and so on and its exact translation in English will be I m living (person)

we live, mong jwandee yoo

she/he lives, hagha jwanday day/ da

they live, haghoi jwandee dee

you live (sing.), ta jwanday ye

Youu live (plural) tasoo jwandee yai

to cook is pakhawal

I cook,za pakhom

we cook, mong pakhawoo

he/she cooks, hagha pakhayee

they cook,haghoi pakhayee

you cook (sing), ta pakhay

You cook(plural) tasoo pakhawai

In English we have only one change for he/she as eats not eat but in Pshto we see that masdar khwarhal takes different shapes according to the person as khwram, khwroo,khwray, khwrai, khwree.

For learners it may be a bit difficult but with practice it will be ok. Think about your first language, there will be also such changes in the infinitive.

[Laila]

Osho sorry to interrupt your lesson...but since you know Dari you can help me.

So 'darem' is in Dari.....its 'larem' in Pashto, right?

[Badlun]

Osho sorry to interrupt your lesson...but since you know Dari you can help me.

So 'darem' is in Dari.....its 'larem' in Pashto, right?

Yes daram is laram or darlodam in Pashto

[Laila]

Yes daram is laram or darlodam in Pashto

Okay, are there any more examples? I find learning Pashto easier when i can relate it to Dari. That is how my dad teaches me, he helps me to relate it as how i am speaking in Dari. That definitely helps me out with the verb conjugation

[Muslimah]

What about:
I am
You are
He is
She is
We are
You (pl.) are
They are


I have
You have
He has
She has
We have
You (pl.) have
They have

[Iqra]

when you had "yo" and "bekhey" that changes the sentences ...

[Muslimah]

Thanks for the help! I will study and you can test me tomorrow inshAllah

[Niazmina]

One special request

IN THIS THREAD ONLY LINGUISTIC DISCUSSION MAY BE CARRIED OUT,NO POLITICAL OR ANY OTHER KIND OF DISCUSSION MAY BE ALLOWED PLEASE

Lesson no 1.


Recording for Lesson 1, You may play the recording and listen to it while reading the text.

This is great =D She did an awesome job! But one thing...she keeps saying KHA..it's not pronounced as خه with a KHE it's... ښ which is pronounced differently...ښه
Otherwise, GREAT INNITIATIVE!!