Pashtun Macedonian link

[Apollyon]

Greetings,

I don't know if this has been discussed but Pashtuns/Pathans are linked with Macedonian's of Alexander the Great.



European Journal of Human Genetics

1. Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Division, Dr. AQ Khan Research Laboratories, Islamabad, Pakistan
2. Unit of Prenatal Diagnosis, Center for Thalassemia, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
3. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
4. Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

..Three Pakistani populations residing in northern Pakistan, the Burusho, Kalash and Pathan claim descent from Greek soldiers associated with Alexander's invasion of southwest Asia.

..The most striking feature of this network was the sharing of haplotypes between the Pathan and Greek samples (Figure 4).

..Among the three Pakistani populations claiming Greek descent, this clade was observed only in the Pathans. The Pathan samples belonged to clade E3b1 that constituted 17% of the Greek samples.

..The Pathans were the only population among the three that claim Greek ancestry in which clade E was present.

Nevertheless, Alexander's army of 25 000–30 000 mercenary foot soldiers from Persia and West Asia and 5000–7000 Macedonian cavalry perhaps provides a more likely explanation because of their elite status and substantial political impact on the region.

http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v...726a.html#tbl2

[roadrunner]

not much of a link

[Karachi]

it is very hard to form a link with just one haplogroup, though that said, some link is defiantly possible since Macedonian / Greeks did rule the area.

[roadrunner]

....

[roadrunner]

yes, well true. The Greeks did transfer some people into the Pashtun area.

Mostly not Greek i'd say.

[Apollyon]

Dna (mtdna) provides relation, while Nuclear Dna confirms. I am assuming some visitors here are not Pashtun.

Meyers Blitz-Lexikon (Leipzig, 1932) divides “Europäid” types into: Nordic Race, Dinaric race, Mediterranean race, Alpine race, East Baltic race, Turks (Turanid race), Bedouins (Arabid race), and Afghans (Iranid race).


The afghan currency with Macedonian Aphaganian.

[roadrunner]

So what do bank notes prove? Is it Alexander on horseback?

The letters look Greek.

hmm, could be 1939, Germany had some influence in the region at the time. They probably suggested a connection with Europe through that.

[Apollyon]

So what do bank notes prove? Is it Alexander on horseback?

The letters look Greek.

hmm, could be 1939, Germany had some influence in the region at the time. They probably suggested a connection with Europe through that.

Yes it is Greek the connection goes far back.

Various cities are Greek named Kandahar named after Eskandar or Alexander of Arachosia, Paktia-Paktika.

Afghans-Pashtuns do not see them selves as Oriental or Indian.
German's share linguistics. Following the Kurgan Migration theory Germans may have migrated in the second wave out of central Asia and "not" out of India.

Hence Haplo group R1A in North east Germania and R1B in central and Bavaria.

[JattApache]

Yes it is Greek the connection goes far back.

Various cities are Greek named Kandahar named after Eskandar or Alexander of Arachosia, Paktia-Paktika.

Afghans-Pashtuns do not see them selves as Oriental or Indian.
German's share linguistics. Following the Kurgan Migration theory Germans may have migrated in the second wave out of central Asia and "not" out of India.

Hence Haplo group R1A in North east Germania and R1B in central and Bavaria.

So afghans are white people
They are more white than the swedish

[Khostai]

Greek genetic influence is so littel, it not worth mentioning, turks have more in common whith greeks, I bet they have much higher greek DNA in them....

[Karachi]

Yes it is Greek the connection goes far back.

Various cities are Greek named Kandahar named after Eskandar or Alexander of Arachosia, Paktia-Paktika.

Afghans-Pashtuns do not see them selves as Oriental or Indian.
German's share linguistics. Following the Kurgan Migration theory Germans may have migrated in the second wave out of central Asia and "not" out of India.

Hence Haplo group R1A in North east Germania and R1B in central and Bavaria.

but the Kurgan Theory has nothing to do with the Greeks. That theory has to do with indo europeans movement and indo aryans. The two are not related at all

[Apollyon]

So afghans are white people
They are more white than the swedish

The skills required for competence often are the same skills necessary to recognize competence.

A few scholars from India proposed the out of India theory utter failure.

[Apollyon]

but the Kurgan Theory has nothing to do with the Greeks. That theory has to do with indo europeans movement and indo aryans. The two are not related at all

At all is ..Invalid

..Hittite appears to have diverged from the main early Indo-European stock around 8700 years ago, perhaps reflecting the initial migration out of Anatolia. Indeed, this date exactly matches estimates for the age of Europe’s first agricultural settlements in southern Greece...According to computer time estimates, many of the major Indo-European sub-families – Indo-Iranian, Balto-Slavic, Germanic, Italic and Celtic – diverged between six and seven thousand years ago. This is intriguingly close to the proposed time of the Kurgan expansion. Thus it seems possible that there were two distinct phases in the spread of Indo-European: an initial phase, involving the movement of Indo-European with agriculture, out of Anatolia into Greece and the Balkans some 8500 years ago; and a second phase (perhaps the Kurgan expansion) which saw the subsequent spread of Indo-European languages across the rest of Europe and east into Persia and Central Asia.

http://www.humanjourney.us/indoEurope.html

The Kurgan people took their language with them, giving rise to a secondary homeland of the Celtic, Italic, Germanic, Balto-Slavic, Greek and other European branches, while conquests in the south and east produced the various Indo-European languages of India, Persia and Asia Minor. By 5,000 years ago, most pre-existing languages were erased and various independent Indo-European language groups and cultures had started to develop. This process continued over the ensuing millennia.

Map of Indo European (left) migrations from ca. 4000 to 1000 BC according to the Kurgan model. The Anatolian migration (indicated with a dotted arrow) could have taken place either across the Caucasus or across the Balkans. The purple area corresponds to the assumed Urheimat (Samara culture, Sredny Stog culture). The red area corresponds to the area which may have been settled by Indo-European-speaking peoples up to ca. 2500 BC, and the orange area by 1000 BC.



Hum Genet. 2009 Sep;126(3):395-410. Epub 2009 May 16.


Ancient DNA provides new insights into the history of south Siberian Kurgan people.

Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Moléculaire, Institut de Médecine Légale, Université de Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann, 67085, Strasbourg Cedex, France. Christine.Keyser@iml-ulp.u-strasbg.fr

Abstract

To help unravel some of the early Eurasian steppe migration movements, we determined the Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial haplotypes and haplogroups of 26 ancient human specimens from the Krasnoyarsk area dated from between the middle of the second millennium BC. to the fourth century AD. In order to go further in the search of the geographic origin and physical traits of these south Siberian specimens, we also typed phenotype-informative single nucleotide polymorphisms. Our autosomal, Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA analyses reveal that whereas few specimens seem to be related matrilineally or patrilineally, nearly all subjects belong to haplogroup R1a1-M17 which is thought to mark the eastward migration of the early Indo-Europeans. Our results also confirm that at the Bronze and Iron Ages, south Siberia was a region of overwhelmingly predominant European settlement, suggesting an eastward migration of Kurgan people across the Russo-Kazakh steppe. Finally, our data indicate that at the Bronze and Iron Age timeframe, south Siberians were blue (or green)-eyed, fair-skinned and light-haired people and that they might have played a role in the early development of the Tarim Basin civilization. To the best of our knowledge, no equivalent molecular analysis has been undertaken so far.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19449030

[roadrunner]

Yes it is Greek the connection goes far back.

Various cities are Greek named Kandahar named after Eskandar or Alexander of Arachosia, Paktia-Paktika.

He did found some cities, Kandahar probably, Uch etc. The British founded some cities in India but it doesn't make a genetic link. The British were there, like Alexander was in Afghanistan.

I do find it interesting that Kandahar has survived the test of time as a name. Noone decided to change it for 2000 years.

Afghans-Pashtuns do not see them selves as Oriental or Indian.
German's share linguistics.

Germans share linguistics with Indians as well, but they'll not be saying they share any genetics with them

Following the Kurgan Migration theory Germans may have migrated in the second wave out of central Asia and "not" out of India.

Hence Haplo group R1A in North east Germania and R1B in central and Bavaria.

I agree the out of India theory is rubbish. Out of Asia is not impossible though I doubt it.

[Apollyon]

Greek genetic influence is so littel, it not worth mentioning, turks have more in common whith greeks, I bet they have much higher greek DNA in them....

Macedonians and Albanians (Illyrians) who are both early migrants in their respected regions do not consider themselves "Greek".

All three groups will strongly refute any relation to being "Turk". Bulgarians and Croations consider themselves Aryan peoples not "slavic" since the turkic peoples migrated into Turkistan much later Turmanistan.

The theory of Croatian origin traces the origin of the Croats to today's Afghanistan, more precisely in the area of Arachosia. This connection was at first drawn due to the similarity of Croatian (Croatia - Croatian: Hrvatska, Croats - Croatian: Hrvati / Čakavian dialect: Harvati / Kajkavian dialect: Horvati) and Arachosian name,[7][8] but other researches indicate that there are also linguistic, cultural, agrobiological and genetic ties.[9][10] In former Yugoslaviathis theory was strictly banned due to the political reasons in favour of the Theory of Croatian Slavic origin and many Croatian scientists who disagreed were killed. Since Croatia became an independent state in 1991, the Iranian theory gained more popularity, and many scientific papers and books have been published

http://www.iranchamber.com/history/a...cient_iran.php

Iranica PROTOBULGARICA
Asparuch and his cohorts in the light of the Iranian onomastics [1]
.
Rüdiger Schmitt (Saarbruecken)
(Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Linguistique Balkanique , XXVIII (1985), I, 13-38)

..But the last word on this and especially about whether to expect a certain number of Iranians among the Bulgarians, or with family connections of this kind under their powerful families or what else - this is the name scientists like to admit to the historians.

The exact origin of the ethnonym Hrvat (Proto-Slavic *Xъrvatъ, Old Church Slavonic: Xъrvatinъ[3]) is not known. The most widely-held theory is that of the connection with an Iranian name,[3] based on the Old Persian toponym Harahvat-, the native name of Arachosia. "Arachosia" is the Latinized form of Greek Ἀραχωσία - Arachosíā. In Old Persian inscriptions, the region is referred to as 'Harahuvatiš', written h-r-v-u-t-i

http://groznijat.tripod.com/bulgar/schmitt.html

To avoid confusion with the tern Iranic , the river name is Harahvat-, the native name of Arachosia (kandahar) and river Helmand ..Peter Skok