Pashto Basic course discussion topic.

[Badlun]

jaba zda karhi da
za computer ta nasta yam
ghag karhey dey
sam karhey dey


zda kawal ..to learn ..is a compound verb and its present perfect tense is

ma jaba zda karhi da
hagha jaba zda karhi da etc etc

Present indefinite tense will be
za jaba zda kawum
hagha jaba zda kawi etc etc

kenastal is to sit , its present perfect tense will be

za nast yam masc za nasta yam ,,fem
ta nast ye , ta nasta ye
hagha nast dey, hagha nasta da etc etc

its present indefinite will be
za kenam
hagha keni etc

ghag kawal is again a compound verm which means to call
ma ghag karhey dey
hagha ghag karhey dey etc and
za ghag kawum
hagha ghag kawi etc

samawal means to correct but in present perfect tens eit becomes a compound verb and its endings are like this
ma sam karhey dey
hagha sam karhey dey etc
in Present indefinite it will be
za samom
hagha samawi etc

Its grammar and the verbs must be taken as these are used by the native speakers. There is no logic but may be learnt as it is. Practice is what we need to learn the structural aspects of a language.

[spogmai shaglay]

ma da sandara awraidaley dey.... i am listening to this song..........

mong da sandarey awraidalee dee...we listening to these songs....

hagha pashtu jaba zda karhi da.............you have learned pashtu...

za pohanzai na raghalam.... i have come from College

ta da kitab der khwakh dey... you have liked this book very much...

ta da kitaboona der khwakh dee???????????you have liked these books.....

ma mazpakheen waqt ooda karhi da......i have slept in the evening....

hagha da nun akhbar lwaley dey ........he has read today's newspaper

[Badlun]

Spogmai It seems that you have written these sentences in quite hurry as you have ignored very basic rules. Please think over each sentence and find out yourself what mistakes have been done and ponder over how can you translate perfect into continuous etc. Try if you cant then I ll coreect these for you

[H.Viki]

Dear friends!

Tense shows time of action or existence, like many languages Pashto has 3 major tenses

present<<<<<<<<< oosanai zamana/da wakht
past<<<<<<<<<<<<< tera shawi zamana/ter shaway wakht
future<<<<<<<<<<< rarawana zamana/rarawan wakht

Present tense

Present indefinite tense

I eat <<<<<<<<<za khwram
we eat<<<<<<<<< mong/j khworo
you eat<sing.<< ta khwray
you eat<plural.<<< taso khwrai
he/she eats <<<<<< hagha khwree
they eat<<<<<<<<<< haghoi khwree

I go home > za korta zam

He/she goes home > hagha korta zee

They go home. > Haghoi korta zee

We go home.> Moong korta zoo

You (sing) go home > ta korta ze

You (plu) go home > Tasu korta zai

The verb go tlal in Pashto is a bit different ,IN the sentences above the masdar tlaal has very different shapes zam, zoo, zey, zee

to learn < zda kawal it is a compound verb made of two words

I learn, za zda kawoom

we learn, mong/j zda kawoo

she/he learns,hagha zda kawee

they learn, haghoi zda kawee

you learn (sing),ta zda kaway

You learn (plural) taso zda kawai

masdar to see < katal again like tlal ,katal has very different shapes

I see, za goram< in southern parts you may also here za kasam for za goram and so on

we see, mong goroo

she/he sees, they see, haga/ haghoi goree

you see(sing.), ta goray

you see (plural) taso gorai

to live < jwand kawal or jwanday kadal or jwand terawal

I live, za jwanday yam

yam is translation for am in English and so on and its exact translation in English will be I m living (person)

we live, mong jwandee yoo

she/he lives, hagha jwanday day/ da

they live, haghoi jwandee dee

you live (sing.), ta jwanday ye

Youu live (plural) tasoo jwandee yai

to cook is pakhawal

I cook,za pakhom

we cook, mong pakhawoo

he/she cooks, hagha pakhayee

they cook,haghoi pakhayee

you cook (sing), ta pakhay

You cook(plural) tasoo pakhawai

In English we have only one change for he/she as eats not eat but in Pshto we see that masdar khwarhal takes different shapes according to the person as khwram, khwroo,khwray, khwrai, khwree.

For learners it may be a bit difficult but with practice it will be ok. Think about your first language, there will be also such changes in the infinitive.

Dear friends!

Please could you help me in the writing of the above metioned verbs:I have problem how to write the following endings: ay, ai, oo, ee,

Thanks for all the help! Manana!

[spogmai shaglay]

ma da sandara awraidaley dey.... i am listening to this song..........

mong da sandarey awraidalee dee...we listening to these songs....

hagha pashtu jaba zda karhi da.............you have learned pashtu...

za pohanzai na raghalam.... i have come from College

ta da kitab der khwakh dey... you have liked this book very much...

ta da kitaboona der khwakh dee???????????you have liked these books.....

ma mazpakheen waqt ooda karhi da......i have slept in the evening....

hagha da nun akhbar lwaley dey ........he has read today's newspaper

the 1st three are correct i guess...

za pohanzai na raghalam.... i have come from College... this is wrote in past tense....

it should be za pohanzai na raghali yam......

ma mazpakheen waqt ooda karhi da......i have slept in the evening..

ma mazpakheen waqt ooda karhee dee....as in chai skhlaee dee, jarhalee dee...

Now if you can correct my mistakes.....

[Badlun]

Dear friends!

Please could you help me in the writing of the above metioned verbs:I have problem how to write the following endings: ay, ai, oo, ee,

Thanks for all the help! Manana!

Please send a PM to Tor Khan who will help you in writing these in Pashto script.

Another other friend may also help you here.

[spogmai shaglay]

some sentences in Present Perfect Tense (Practice)

Za korta rasaidali yam…. I have reached home
Mong korta rasaidalee yoo… we have reached home
Hagha korta rasaidaley dey…. He has reached home
Hagha korta rasaidali da…..she has reached home
Haghoi korta rasaidalee dee…they have reached home
Ta korta rasaidalyey ye….you(sing.) have reached home
Taso korta rasaidalai yai…you (pl.)have reached home

Ma da film katalay dey…I have seen this film(same for all pronouns)
Ma filmoona katalee dee….i have seen these films..(same for all pronouns)

Ma yaw saadar achawaley dey … I have worn a scraf…(same for all pronouns)
Mong sadaroona achawalee dee.. we have worn scarfs..(same for allpronouns)

[spogmai shaglay]

Ma yaw kitab lwaley dey…I have read a book.(for allpronouns)
Ma da kitaboona lwalee dee…I have read these books(for all pronouns)
Ma yaw khat likaley dey… I have written a letter (for all pronouns)
Ma khatoona likalee dee…. I have written letters (for allpronouns)
Ma pa sta tokey khandali da…I laughed at your joke (for allpronouns)
Hagha pa shpa der jarhali da….she cried a lot at night (for allpronouns)
Ma da mez matawaley dey……I broke the table….

its difficult to know which verbs will be compoun... some cases by just making the sentences it is undesrtood that it doesnt sound correct hence wont bethat way.... butotherwise it isnt wasy at alll.... we need to know which verbs will be compound and which wont in PresentPerfect Tense....

[samoon salarzai]

dera Manana Aghli Spogmay stasi lah Krano aw Haso sakha..Tall Tannda wosi

[spogmai shaglay]

could come up with only these for today....i am trying witheach verb..lets seeeeeee....please correct them...

ma kor na pohanazai ta wahal karhi da…I have walked from home to college
ma qalam pa mez saat karhey dey…I have kept the pen on the table…
Ta kitaboona pa almarai ki patt karhi da….you have hidden the books in the cupboard…
ma khpl malagri sara pa sehar ki khabrey kawali da…..I have talked to my friend in the morning

[Darweshkhel]

salamoona.

great discussion going on!

osho IM proud of you! spogmay make me proud too. what your doing there is not easy.

Pashto verbs are difficult, many special forms, dialect differences can also be confusing, strange constructions, so many times present past this and that, then comes the hardest thing - the ergative construction.. Much props and respect if you have any questions on grammar, vocabulary, verb classifications, systems and constructions, feel free to ask but osho and shlombay are doing great job.

[spogmai shaglay]

good job

Shlombay... how would it be past tense?
when i say... i have talked to my friend.....its present perfect right???

i had talked would be past, right????Shlombay could u please elaborate onthe corrections....

three wrong sentences...positive thing is atleast one right....the more i learn the more i find it difficult....

[Darweshkhel]

There is a sticky thread
http://www.pashtunforums.com/pashto-...esources-3090/

you will find tons of verbs in all tenses.
In those books!

[Badlun]

mong da sandarey awraidalee dee...we listening to these songs....WE HAVE LISTENED TO THESE SONGS

hagha pashtu jaba zda karhi da.............you have learned pashtu...

za pohanzai na raghalam.... I CAME FROM SCHOOL i have come from College ZA DA POHANZI NA RAGHALEY YAM-RAGHALI YAM



ta da kitab der khwakh dey... ..STA DA KITAB DER KHWAKH DEY ,,YOU LIKE THIS BOOK VEY MUCH you have liked this book very much...TA DA KITAB DER KHWAKH KARHEY DEY

ta da kitaboona der khwakh dee???????????STA DA KITABUNA DER KHWAKH DI YOU LIKE THESE BOOKS VERY MUCH you have liked these books.....TA DA KITABUNA KHWAKH KARHI DI

ma mazpakheen waqt ooda karhi da......i have slept in the evening.... ZA MAKHAM UDA SHAWEY-SHAWI YAM

hagha da nun akhbar lwaley dey ........he has read today's newspaper HAGHA DA NAN AKHBAR LWASTALEY DEY ..THE WORD IS LWASTALEY ..NOT LWALEY

[Badlun]

Ma yaw kitab lwaley dey…I have read a book.(for allpronouns)
Ma da kitaboona lwalee dee....LWASTALEY have read these books(for all pronouns)
Ma yaw khat likaley dey… I have written a letter (for all pronouns)
Ma khatoona likalee dee…. I have written letters (for allpronouns)
Ma pa sta tokey khandali da…I laughed at your joke (for allpronouns)MA STA PA TOKO KHANDALI DI
Hagha pa shpa der jarhali da….she cried a lot at night (for allpronouns)HAGHA DA SHPÈY DER JARHALI DI
Ma da mez matawaley dey……I broke the table….I BROKE THE TABLE ...MA MEZ MAT KRHO, I HAVE BROKEN THE TABLE ,,MA MEZ MAT KARHEY DEY