Originally posted by Kushan Prince
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Nowruz is essentially a spring-time festival with specific traditions. In that regard, it has been erroneously conflated with other spring-time festivals, such as Akitu. The issue of claiming an origin for Nowruz is thus twofold;
1) "true" Nowruz (haft-sin, chaharshanbesuri etc.), is, as I understand it, only celebrated in parts of the world that were either continuously under Iranian rule (e.g. the Republic of Azerbaijan) or home to those who speak an Iranian language (e.g. Kurds). As such, there's plenty of debate whether "true" Nowruz is a Persian cultural practice or a pan-Iranian cultural feature.
2) Various ethnic groups which are neither Iranic-speaking nor lived in territory that was extensively occupied by Iranian empires celebrate spring festivals often described as being Nowruz. For instance, the Kyrgyz and Kazakh. The Kyrgyz "Nowruz" in particular lacks the specific traditions practiced elsewhere. The Assyrian Akitu also does not resemble Nowruz.
As such, from my own limited reading and experience, I'm of the current opinion that Nowruz probably didn't originate from Persian culture and some variant of it was practised by other peoples belonging to the Iranian-speaking world. It also looks like unrelated Equinox holidays are incorrectly described as being "Nowruz", or were either ancestral or derived to/from it. Spring-time festivals were a given in agricultural societies both in Asia and elsewhere.
It appears the presence in records of the holiday being celebrated by Zoroastrians from Persia has convinced folks it wasn't practised elsewhere (affirmation bias). As scientists and debaters say, absence of evidence isn't evidence of absence. If not Nowruz in the current (Persian) form, I'd say the odds are reasonable that the ancestors of modern Pakhtuns also celebrated it.
As for the non-Islamic character of Nowruz, the reality is that many Muslim societies and/or individuals have reincorporated prior some cultural practises either wholly or with the adoption of an Islamic veneer. Nowruz was made more palatable for devout Muslims in Iran by placing a copy of the Qur'an at the haft-sin. Another example lies with the maintenance of pre-Islamic pagan traditions among the Chechen. I have seen some Iranian Muslims excuse Nowruz as "Zoroaster's introduction" and deem it a viable tradition as they recognise him as one of God's earlier prophets. Ultimately, that is up to their (and your) judiciousness based on individual interpretation of scripture.


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