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  • Where are Muslims and Pashtuns in the list

    List of Nobel laureates by country


    Algeria

    Claude Cohen-Tannoudji*, Born in then French Algeria, Physics, 1997
    Albert Camus*, Born in then French Algeria, Literature, 1957

    Argentina

    César Milstein, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
    Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Peace, 1980
    Luis Federico Leloir, Chemistry, 1970
    Bernardo Houssay, Physiology or Medicine, 1947
    Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Peace, 1936
    Australia

    Elizabeth H. Blackburn*, Physiology or Medicine, 2009
    Barry Marshall, Physiology or Medicine, 2005
    J. Robin Warren, Physiology or Medicine, 2005
    Peter C. Doherty, Physiology or Medicine, 1996
    John Warcup Cornforth, Chemistry, 1975
    Patrick White, born in the United Kingdom, Literature, 1973
    John Carew Eccles, Physiology or Medicine, 1963
    Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet, Physiology or Medicine, 1960
    Sir Howard Florey, Physiology or Medicine, 1945
    William Lawrence Bragg*, Physics, 1915 (youngest recipient of a prize at age of 25)

    Austria

    International Atomic Energy Agency, Peace, 2005
    Elfriede Jelinek, Literature, 2004
    Eric R. Kandel*, Physiology or Medicine, 2000
    Walter Kohn*, Chemistry, 1998
    Friedrich Hayek, Economics, 1974
    Konrad Lorenz, Physiology or Medicine, 1973
    Karl von Frisch*, Physiology or Medicine, 1973
    Max F. Perutz, Chemistry, 1962
    Wolfgang Pauli, Physics, 1945
    Richard Kuhn*, Chemistry 1938
    Otto Loewi*, Physiology or Medicine, 1936
    Victor Francis Hess, Physics, 1936
    Erwin Schrödinger, Physics, 1933
    Karl Landsteiner, Physiology or Medicine, 1930
    Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Physiology or Medicine, 1927
    Friderik Pregl, born in then Austria-Hungary, now Slovenia, Chemistry, 1923
    Alfred Hermann Fried, Peace, 1911
    Bertha von Suttner, born in then Austria-Hungary, now Czech Republic, Peace, 1905

    Azerbaijan

    Lev Landau, born in then Russian Empire, laureate when citizen of the Soviet Union, Physics, 1962
    Bangladesh

    Muhammad Yunus, Peace, 2006
    Grameen Bank, Peace, 2006
    Belarus

    Zhores Ivanovich Alferov*, born in then Soviet Union, Physics, 2000
    Belgium

    Ilya Prigogine, born in Russia, Chemistry, 1977
    Christian de Duve, born in the United Kingdom, Physiology and Medicine, 1974
    Albert Claude, Physiology and Medicine, 1974
    Georges Pire, Peace, 1958
    Corneille Heymans, Physiology and Medicine, 1938
    Jules Bordet, Physiology and Medicine, 1919
    Henri La Fontaine, Peace, 1913
    Maurice Maeterlinck, Literature, 1911
    Auguste Beernaert, Peace, 1909
    Institut de Droit International, Peace, 1904
    Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Vladimir Prelog*, born in then Austria–Hungary, now Bosnia and Herzegovina, Chemistry, 1975
    Ivo Andric*, born in Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Literature, 1961
    Brazil

    Peter Medawar,* Physiology or Medicine, 1960
    Bulgaria

    Elias Canetti*, Literature, 1981
    Canada

    Willard S. Boyle*, Physics, 2009
    Robert Mundell, Economics, 1999
    Myron Scholes*, Economics, 1997
    William Vickrey*, Economic Sciences, 1996
    Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs, Peace, 1995
    Bertram N. Brockhouse, Physics, 1994
    Michael Smith, born in the United Kingdom, Chemistry, 1993
    Rudolph A. Marcus*, Chemistry, 1992
    Richard E. Taylor, Physics, 1990
    Sidney Altman, Chemistry, 1989
    Henry Taube*, Chemistry, 1983
    David H. Hubel*, Physiology or Medicine, 1981
    Saul Bellow*, Literature, 1976
    Gerhard Herzberg, born in Germany, Chemistry, 1971
    Charles B. Huggins*, Physiology or Medicine, 1966
    Lester B. Pearson, Peace, 1957
    John C. Polányi, born in Germany, Chemistry, 1986
    William Giauque*, Chemistry, 1949
    Frederick G. Banting, Physiology or Medicine, 1923
    Chile

    Pablo Neruda, Literature, 1971
    Gabriela Mistral, Literature, 1945
    People's Republic of China

    Main article: List of Chinese Nobel laureates
    Liu Xiaobo, Peace, 2010
    Ei'ichi Negishi*, Chemistry, 2010
    Charles K. Kao, Physics, 2009
    Roger Y. Tsien, Chemistry, 2008
    Gao Xingjian*, Literature, 2000
    Daniel C. Tsui, Physics, 1998
    Edmond H. Fischer*, Medicine/Physiology, 1992
    Tenzin Gyatso (The 14th Dalai Lama), Peace, 1989
    Samuel C. C. Ting, Physics, 1976
    Chen Ning Yang, Physics, 1957
    Tsung-Dao Lee, Physics, 1957
    Walter Houser Brattain*, Physics, 1956
    Taiwan (Republic of China)

    Main article: List of Ethnic Chinese Nobel laureates
    Yuan Tseh Lee, Chemistry, 1986
    Colombia

    Gabriel García Márquez, Literature, 1982
    Costa Rica

    Oscar Arias Sánchez, Peace, 1987
    Croatia

    Leopold Ružička*, born in then Austro-Hungarian Empire, laureate when citizen of Yugoslavia, Chemistry, 1939
    Vladimir Prelog*, born in then Austro-Hungarian Empire, laureate when citizen of Yugoslavia, Chemistry, 1975
    Ivo Andrić*, born in then Austro-Hungarian Empire, laureate when citizen of Yugoslavia, Literature, 1961
    [edit]Cyprus

    Christopher A. Pissarides, Economics, 2010
    Czech Republic

    Jaroslav Seifert, Literature, 1984
    Jaroslav Heyrovský, Chemistry, 1959
    Carl Ferdinand Cori*, born in then Austria-Hungary, Physiology or Medicine, 1947
    Gerty Cori*, born in then Austria-Hungary, Physiology or Medicine, 1947
    Bertha von Suttner*, born in then Austrian-Hungary, Peace, 1905
    Denmark

    Jens Christian Skou, Chemistry, 1997
    Niels Kaj Jerne, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
    Aage Bohr, Physics, 1975
    Ben Roy Mottelson, Physics, 1975
    Johannes Vilhelm Jensen, Literature, 1944
    Henrik Dam, Physiology or Medicine, 1943
    Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger, Physiology or Medicine, 1926
    Niels Bohr, Physics, 1922
    August Krogh, Physiology or Medicine, 1920
    Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Literature, 1917
    Henrik Pontoppidan, Literature, 1917
    Fredrik Bajer, Peace, 1908
    Niels Ryberg Finsen, born on Faroe Islands, Physiology or Medicine, 1903
    East Timor

    Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, Peace, 1996
    José Ramos-Horta, Peace, 1996
    Egypt

    Mohamed El Baradei, Peace, 2005
    Ahmed Zewail, Chemistry, 1999
    Naguib Mahfouz, Literature, 1988
    Anwar El Sadat, Peace, 1978
    [edit]Faroe Islands

    Niels Ryberg Finsen*, Physiology or Medicine, 1903
    Finland

    Martti Ahtisaari, Peace, 2008
    Ragnar Granit*, born in then Russian Empire, Physiology or Medicine, 1967
    Artturi Ilmari Virtanen, born in then Russian Empire, Chemistry, 1945
    Frans Eemil Sillanpää, born in then Russian Empire, Literature, 1939
    France

    J. M. G. Le Clézio, Literature, 2008
    Luc Montagnier, Physiology or Medicine, 2008
    Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, Physiology or Medicine, 2008
    Albert Fert, Physics, 2007
    Yves Chauvin, Chemistry, 2005
    Gao Xingjian, born in China, Literature, 2000
    Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, born in Algeria, Physics, 1997
    Georges Charpak, Physics, 1992
    Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Physics, 1991
    Maurice Allais, Economics, 1988
    Jean-Marie Lehn, Chemistry, 1987
    Claude Simon, born on Madagascar, Literature, 1985
    Gerard Debreu, Economics, 1983
    Jean Dausset, Physiology or Medicine, 1980
    Roger Guillemin*, Physiology or Medicine, 1977
    Seán MacBride*, Peace, 1974
    Louis Néel, Physics, 1970
    René Cassin, Peace, 1968
    Alfred Kastler, Physics, 1966
    François Jacob, Physiology or Medicine, 1965
    Jacques Monod, Physiology or Medicine, 1965
    André Lwoff, Physiology or Medicine, 1965
    Jean-Paul Sartre, Literature, 1964 (declined the prize)
    Saint-John Perse, Literature, 1960
    Albert Camus, born in Algeria, Literature, 1957
    Andre Frederic Cournand, Physiology or Medicine, 1956
    François Mauriac, Literature, 1952
    Léon Jouhaux, Peace, 1951
    André Gide, Literature, 1947
    Roger Martin du Gard, Literature, 1937
    Frédéric Joliot, Chemistry, 1935
    Irène Joliot-Curie, Chemistry, 1935
    Ivan Bunin, born in Russia, Literature, 1933
    Charles Nicolle, Physiology or Medicine, 1928
    Henri Bergson, Literature, 1927
    Ferdinand Buisson, Peace, 1927
    Aristide Briand, Peace, 1926
    Jean-Baptiste Perrin, Physics, 1926
    Anatole France, Literature, 1921
    Léon Bourgeois, Peace, 1920
    Romain Rolland, Literature, 1915
    Charles Richet, Physiology or Medicine, 1913
    Alexis Carrel, Medicine, 1912
    Paul Sabatier, Chemistry, 1912
    Victor Grignard, Chemistry, 1912
    Marie Curie, born in then Russian Empire, now Poland, Chemistry, 1911
    Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant, Peace, 1909
    Gabriel Lippmann*, born in Luxembourg, Physics, 1908
    Alphonse Laveran, Physiology or Medicine, 1907
    Louis Renault, Peace, 1907
    Henri Moissan, Chemistry, 1906
    Frédéric Mistral, Literature, 1904
    Antoine Henri Becquerel, Physics, 1903
    Pierre Curie, Physics, 1903
    Marie Curie, born in then Russian Empire, now Poland, Physics, 1903
    Frédéric Passy, Peace, 1901
    Sully Prudhomme, Literature, 1901
    Germany

    Herta Müller, born in Romania, Literature, 2009
    Harald zur Hausen, Physiology or Medicine, 2008
    Gerhard Ertl, Chemistry, 2007
    Peter Grünberg, born in then Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, now the Czech Republic, Physics, 2007
    Theodor W. Hänsch, Physics, 2005
    Robert Aumann*, Economics, 2005
    Wolfgang Ketterle, Physics, 2001
    Herbert Kroemer, Physics, 2000
    Günter Blobel*, Physiology or Medicine, 1999
    Günter Grass, born in then Free City of Danzig, now Poland, Literature, 1999
    Horst L. Störmer, Physics, 1998
    Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, Physiology or Medicine, 1995
    Reinhard Selten, Economics, 1994
    Bert Sakmann, Physiology or Medicine, 1991
    Erwin Neher, Physiology or Medicine, 1991
    Hans G. Dehmelt*, Physics, 1989
    Wolfgang Paul, Physics, 1989
    Johann Deisenhofer, Chemistry, 1988
    Robert Huber, Chemistry, 1988
    Hartmut Michel, Chemistry, 1988
    Jack Steinberger*, Physics, 1988
    J. Georg Bednorz, Physics, 1987
    Ernst Ruska, Physics, 1986
    Gerd Binnig, Physics, 1986
    Klaus von Klitzing, Physics, 1985
    Georges J.F. Köhler*, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
    Georg Wittig, Chemistry, 1979
    Arno Penzias*, Physics, 1978
    Henry Kissinger*, Peace, 1973
    Ernst Otto Fischer, Chemistry, 1973
    Karl Ritter von Frisch, born in then Austria-Hungary, now Austria, Physiology or Medicine, 1973
    Heinrich Böll, Literature, 1972
    Gerhard Herzberg*, Chemistry, 1971
    Willy Brandt, Peace, 1971
    Bernard Katz*, Physiology or Medicine, 1970
    Max Delbrück*, Physiology or Medicine, 1969
    Manfred Eigen, Chemistry, 1967
    Hans Albrecht Bethe*, Physics, 1967
    Nelly Sachs*, Literature, 1966
    Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen, Physiology or Medicine, 1964
    Konrad Bloch*, Physiology or Medicine, 1964
    Karl Ziegler, Chemistry, 1963
    Maria Goeppert-Mayer*, Physics, 1963
    J. Hans D. Jensen, Physics, 1963
    Rudolf Mössbauer, Physics, 1961
    Werner Forssmann, Physiology or Medicine, 1956
    Max Born*, Physics, 1954
    Walther Bothe, Physics, 1954
    Hermann Staudinger, Chemistry, 1953
    Fritz Albert Lipmann*, Physiology or Medicine, 1953
    Hans Adolf Krebs*, Physiology or Medicine, 1953
    Albert Schweitzer*, Peace, 1952
    Otto Diels, Chemistry, 1950
    Kurt Alder, Chemistry, 1950
    Herman Hesse*, Literature, 1946
    Ernst Boris Chain*, Physiology or Medicine, 1945
    Otto Hahn, Chemistry 1944
    Otto Stern*, Physics, 1943
    Adolf Butenandt, Chemistry, 1939
    Gerhard Domagk, Physiology or Medicine, 1939
    Richard Kuhn, born in Austria, Chemistry, 1938
    Carl von Ossietzky, Peace, 1935
    Hans Spemann, Physiology or Medicine, 1935
    Werner Karl Heisenberg, Physics, 1932
    Otto Heinrich Warburg, Physiology or Medicine, 1931
    Carl Bosch, Chemistry 1931
    Friedrich Bergius, Chemistry, 1931
    Hans Fischer, Chemistry, 1930
    Thomas Mann, Literature, 1929
    Hans von Euler-Chelpin*, Chemistry, 1929
    Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus, Chemistry, 1928
    Ludwig Quidde, Peace, 1927
    Heinrich Otto Wieland, Chemistry, 1927
    Gustav Stresemann, Peace, 1926
    James Franck, Physics, 1925
    Gustav Ludwig Hertz, Physics, 1925
    Otto Fritz Meyerhof, Physiology or Medicine, 1922
    Albert Einstein, Physics, 1921
    Walther Nernst, Chemistry, 1920
    Johannes Stark, Physics, 1919
    Fritz Haber, Chemistry 1918
    Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck, Physics, 1918
    Richard Willstätter, Chemistry, 1915
    Max von Laue, Physics, 1914
    Gerhart Hauptmann, born in then Prussia, now Poland, Literature, 1912
    Wilhelm Wien, Physics, 1911
    Otto Wallach, Chemistry, 1910
    Albrecht Kossel, Physiology or Medicine, 1910
    Paul Johann Ludwig Heyse, Literature, 1910
    Karl Ferdinand Braun, Physics, 1909
    Wilhelm Ostwald, born in then Russia, now Latvia, Chemistry, 1909
    Rudolf Christoph Eucken, Literature, 1908
    Paul Ehrlich, Physiology or Medicine, 1908
    Eduard Buchner, Chemistry, 1907
    Albert Abraham Michelson*, born in then Prussia, now Poland, Physics 1907
    Robert Koch, Physiology or Medicine, 1905
    Philipp Lenard, born in then Austrian Empire, now Slovakia, Physics, 1905
    Adolf von Baeyer, Chemistry, 1905
    Hermann Emil Fischer, Chemistry, 1902
    Theodor Mommsen, born in then Denmark, Literature, 1902
    Emil Adolf von Behring, Physiology or Medicine, 1901
    Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, Physics, 1901
    Ghana

    Kofi Annan, Peace, 2001
    Greece

    Odysseas Elytis, Literature, 1979
    Giorgos Seferis, Literature, 1963
    Guatemala

    Rigoberta Menchú, Peace, 1992
    Miguel Ángel Asturias, Literature, 1967
    Hong Kong, China

    Charles K. Kao, Physics, 2009
    Hungary

    Imre Kertész, Literature, 2002
    George Andrew Olah* (György Oláh), Chemistry, 1994
    John Harsanyi*, (Harsányi János) Economics, 1994
    Dennis Gabor* (Dénes Gábor), Physics, 1971
    Eugene Wigner* (Jenő Wigner), Physics, 1963
    Georg von Békésy* (György Békésy), Physiology or Medicine, 1961
    George de Hevesy (György Hevesy), Chemistry, 1943
    Albert Szent-Györgyi, Physiology or Medicine, 1937
    Richard Adolf Zsigmondy*, Chemistry, 1925
    Fülöp von Lénárd, (Lenárd Fülöp) Physics, 1905[7]
    Iceland

    Halldór Laxness, Literature, 1955
    India

    Main article: Nobel laureates of India
    Venkatraman Ramakrishnan*, Chemistry, 2009
    V.S.Naipaul, Literature, 2001
    Amartya Sen, Economics, 1998
    Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, born in then British India,, Physics, 1983
    Mother Teresa, born in then Ottoman Empire, now Macedonia, Peace, 1979
    Har Gobind Khorana, born in then British India,, Medicine, 1968
    C. V. Raman, Physics, 1930
    Rabindranath Tagore, Literature, 1913
    Iran

    Doris Lessing*, Literature, 2007
    Shirin Ebadi, Peace, 2003
    Ireland

    John Hume, Northern Ireland, Peace, 1998
    David Trimble, Northern Ireland, Peace, 1998
    Séamus Heaney, Literature, 1995
    Betty Williams, Northern Ireland, Peace, 1976
    Mairéad Corrigan, Northern Ireland, Peace, 1976
    Seán MacBride, born in France, Peace, 1974
    Samuel Beckett, Literature, 1969
    Ernest Walton, Physics, 1951
    George Bernard Shaw*, Literature, 1925
    William Butler Yeats, Literature, 1923
    Israel

    See also: List of Jewish Nobel laureates
    Ada E. Yonath, Chemistry, 2009
    Robert Aumann, born in Germany, Economics, 2005
    Aaron Ciechanover, Chemistry, 2004
    Avram Hershko, born in Hungary, Chemistry, 2004
    Daniel Kahneman, Economics, 2002
    Yitzhak Rabin, Peace, 1994
    Shimon Peres, born in then Poland, now Belarus, Peace, 1994
    Menachem Begin, born in then Russia, now Belarus, Peace, 1978
    Shmuel Yosef Agnon, born in then Austria-Hungary, now Ukraine, Literature, 1966
    Italy

    Mario Capecchi*, Physiology or Medicine, 2007
    Riccardo Giacconi*, Physics, 2002
    Dario Fo, Literature, 1997
    Rita Levi-Montalcini, Physiology or Medicine, 1986
    Franco Modigliani, Economics, 1985
    Carlo Rubbia, Physics, 1984
    Renato Dulbecco*, Physiology or Medicine, 1975
    Eugenio Montale, Literature, 1975
    Salvador Luria*, Physiology or Medicine, 1969
    Giulio Natta, Chemistry, 1963
    Salvatore Quasimodo, Literature, 1959
    Emilio G. Segrè, Physics, 1959
    Daniel Bovet, born in Switzerland, Physiology or Medicine, 1957
    Enrico Fermi, Physics, 1938
    Luigi Pirandello, Literature, 1934
    Grazia Deledda, Literature, 1926
    Guglielmo Marconi, Physics, 1909
    Ernesto Teodoro Moneta, Peace, 1907
    Giosuè Carducci, Literature, 1906
    Camillo Golgi, Physiology or Medicine, 1906
    Japan

    Main article: List of Japanese Nobel laureates
    Ei-ichi Negishi*, Chemistry 2010
    Akira Suzuki, Chemistry 2010
    Osamu Shimomura*, Chemistry, 2008
    Makoto Kobayashi, Physics, 2008
    Toshihide Maskawa, Physics, 2008
    Yoichiro Nambu*, Physics, 2008
    Masatoshi Koshiba, Physics, 2002
    Koichi Tanaka, Chemistry, 2002
    Ryōji Noyori, Chemistry, 2001
    Hideki Shirakawa, Chemistry, 2000
    Kenzaburō Ōe, Literature, 1994
    Susumu Tonegawa, Physiology or Medicine, 1987
    Charles J. Pedersen*, Chemistry, 1987
    Kenichi Fukui, Chemistry, 1981
    Eisaku Satō, Peace, 1974
    Leo Esaki, Physics, 1973
    Yasunari Kawabata, Literature, 1968
    Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Physics, 1965
    Hideki Yukawa, Physics, 1949
    Kenya

    Wangari Maathai, Peace, 2004
    Korea, South

    Kim Dae-jung, Peace, 2000
    Latvia

    Wilhelm Ostwald*, born in then Russian Empire, Chemistry, 1909
    [edit]Lithuania

    Aaron Klug*, Chemistry, 1982
    Czesław Miłosz, born in then Russian Empire, now Lithuania, Literature, 1980
    [edit]Republic of Macedonia

    Mother Teresa*, Peace, 1979
    [edit]Mexico

    Mario J. Molina*, Chemistry, 1995
    Octavio Paz, Literature, 1990
    Alfonso García Robles, Peace, 1982
    [edit]Myanmar (Burma)

    Aung San Suu Kyi, Peace, 1991
    [edit]Netherlands

    Andre Geim, born in Russia, Physics, 2010
    Martinus J. G. Veltman, Physics, 1999
    Gerardus 't Hooft, Physics, 1999
    Paul J. Crutzen, Chemistry, 1995
    Simon van der Meer, Physics, 1984
    Nicolaas Bloembergen*, Physics, 1981
    Tjalling Koopmans, Economics, 1975
    Nikolaas Tinbergen*, Physiology or Medicine, 1973
    Jan Tinbergen, Economics, 1969
    Frits Zernike, Physics, 1953
    Peter Debye, Chemistry, 1936
    Christiaan Eijkman, Physiology or Medicine, 1929
    Willem Einthoven, Physiology or Medicine, 1924
    Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, Physics, 1913
    Tobias Asser, Peace, 1911
    Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Physics, 1910
    Pieter Zeeman, Physics, 1902
    Hendrik Lorentz, Physics, 1902
    Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Chemistry, 1901
    [edit]New Zealand

    Alan MacDiarmid*, Chemistry, 2000
    Maurice Wilkins*, Physiology or Medicine, 1962
    Ernest Rutherford*, Chemistry, 1908
    [edit]Nigeria

    Wole Soyinka, Literature, 1986
    [edit]Norway

    Finn E. Kydland, Economics, 2004
    Trygve Haavelmo, Economics, 1989
    Charles J. Pedersen*, Chemistry, 1987
    Ivar Giaever, Physics, 1973
    Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch, Economics, 1969
    Odd Hassel, Chemistry, 1969
    Lars Onsager, Chemistry, 1968
    Sigrid Undset, Literature, 1928
    Fridtjof Nansen, Peace, 1922
    Christian Lous Lange, Peace, 1921
    Knut Hamsun, Literature, 1920
    Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Literature, 1903
    [edit]Pakistan

    Abdus Salam, Physics, 1979
    [edit]Palestine

    Yasser Arafat, born in Egypt, Peace, 1994
    [edit]Peru

    Mario Vargas Llosa, Literature, 2010
    [edit]Poland

    Wisława Szymborska, Literature, 1996
    Joseph Rotblat*, born in then Russian Empire, Peace, 1995
    Georges Charpak*, born in now Ukraine, Physics, 1992
    Lech Wałęsa, born in then Germany, Peace, 1983
    Roald Hoffmann*, born in now Ukraine, Chemistry, 1981
    Czesław Miłosz, born in then Russian Empire, now Lithuania, Literature, 1980
    Isaac Bashevis Singer*, born in then Russian Empire, Literature, 1978
    Tadeus Reichstein*, born in then Russian Empire, Physiology or Medicine, 1950
    Władysław Reymont, born in then Russian Empire, Literature, 1924
    Marie Skłodowska-Curie*, born in then Russian Empire, Chemistry, 1911
    Henryk Sienkiewicz, born in then Russian Empire, Literature, 1905
    Maria Skłodowska-Curie*, born in then Russian Empire, Physics, 1903
    [edit]Portugal

    José de Sousa Saramago, Literature, 1998
    Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo*, born in then Portuguese Timor, now East Timor, Peace, 1996
    José Ramos-Horta*, born in then Portuguese Timor, now East Timor, Peace, 1996
    António Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz, Physiology or Medicine, 1949
    [edit]Romania

    Herta Müller*, Literature, 2009
    Elie Wiesel*, Peace, 1986
    George E. Palade*, Physiology or Medicine, 1974
    [edit]Russia

    Andre Geim*, Physics, 2010
    Konstantin Novoselov*, Physics, 2010
    Leonid Hurwicz*, Economics, 2007
    Alexei A. Abrikosov*, Physics, 2003
    Vitaly Ginzburg, Physics, 2003
    Zhores Ivanovich Alferov, Physics, 2000
    Joseph Rotblat*, born in now Poland, Peace, 1995
    Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, Peace, 1990
    Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky*, Literature, 1987
    Czesław Miłosz*, born in now Lithuania, Literature, 1980
    Isaac Bashevis Singer*, born in now Poland, Literature, 1978
    Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Physics, 1978
    Menachem Begin*, born in now Belarus, Peace, 1978
    Ilya Prigogine*, Chemistry, 1977
    Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov, Peace, 1975
    Leonid Vitalyevich Kantorovich, Economics, 1975
    Simon Kuznets*, born in now Belarus, Economics, 1971
    Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Literature, 1970
    Ragnar Granit*, born in now Finland, Physiology or Medicine, 1967
    Michail Sholokhov, Literature, 1965
    Nicolay G. Basov, Physics, 1964
    Aleksandr M. Prokhorov, born in Australia, Physics, 1964
    Lev Davidovich Landau, Physics, 1962
    Boris Pasternak, Literature, 1958 (forced to decline)
    Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov, Physics, 1958
    Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm, Physics, 1958
    Ilya Mikhailovich Frank, Physics, 1958
    Nikolay Nikolayevich Semyonov, Chemistry, 1956
    Fritz Lipmann*, born in then Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 1953
    Selman A. Waksman*, born in now Ukraine, Physiology or Medicine, 1952
    Tadeus Reichstein*, born in now Poland, Physiology or Medicine, 1950
    Artturi Ilmari Virtanen*, born in now Finland, Chemistry, 1945
    Frans Eemil Sillanpää*, born in now Finland, Literature, 1939
    Ivan Bunin*, Literature, 1933
    Władysław Reymont*, born in now Poland, Literature, 1924
    Marie Skłodowska-Curie*, born in now Poland, Chemistry, 1911
    Wilhelm Ostwald*, born in now Latvia, Chemistry, 1909
    Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov, born in now Ukraine, Physiology or Medicine, 1908
    Henryk Sienkiewicz, born in now Poland, Literature, 1905
    Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, Physiology or Medicine, 1904
    Marie Skłodowska-Curie*, born in now Poland, Physics, 1903
    [edit]St Lucia

    Derek Walcott, Literature, 1992
    Sir Arthur Lewis*, Economics, 1979
    [edit]Serbia

    Ivo Andrić*, born in then Austria–Hungary, now Bosnia-Herzegovina, spent most of his life in Belgrade, Literature, 1961
    [edit]Slovenia

    Friderik Pregl*, born in then Austria-Hungary, Chemistry, 1923
    [edit]South Africa

    J. M. Coetzee, Literature, 2003
    Sydney Brenner*, Physiology or Medicine, 2002
    F.W. de Klerk, Peace, 1993
    Nelson Mandela, Peace, 1993
    Nadine Gordimer, Literature, 1991
    Desmond Tutu, Peace, 1984
    Allan M. Cormack*, Physiology or Medicine, 1979
    Albert Lutuli, Peace, 1960
    Max Theiler, Physiology or Medicine, 1951
    [edit]Spain

    Camilo José Cela, Literature, 1989
    Vicente Aleixandre, Literature, 1977
    Severo Ochoa*, Physiology or Medicine, 1959
    Juan Ramón Jiménez, Literature, 1956
    Jacinto Benavente, Literature, 1922
    Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Physiology or Medicine, 1906
    José Echegaray, Literature, 1904
    [edit]Sweden

    Arvid Carlsson, Physiology or Medicine, 2000
    Alva Myrdal, Peace, 1982
    Sune Bergström, Physiology or Medicine, 1982
    Bengt I. Samuelsson, Physiology or Medicine, 1982
    Kai Siegbahn, Physics, 1981
    Torsten Wiesel*, Physiology or Medicine, 1981
    Bertil Ohlin, Economics, 1977
    Eyvind Johnson, Literature, 1974
    Harry Martinson, Literature, 1974
    Gunnar Myrdal, Economics, 1974
    Ulf von Euler, Physiology or Medicine, 1970
    Hannes Alfvén, Physics, 1970
    Ragnar Granit, born in then Russian Empire, now Finland, Physiology or Medicine, 1967
    Nelly Sachs, born in Germany, Literature, 1966
    Dag Hammarskjöld, Peace, 1961 (posthumously)
    Pär Lagerkvist, Literature, 1951
    Arne Tiselius, Chemistry, 1948
    Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Literature, 1931
    Nathan Söderblom, Peace, 1930
    Hans von Euler-Chelpin, born in Germany, Chemistry, 1929
    Theodor Svedberg, Chemistry, 1926
    Karl Manne Siegbahn, Physics, 1924
    Hjalmar Branting, Peace, 1921
    Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam, Literature, 1916
    Gustaf Dalén, Physics, 1912
    Selma Lagerlöf, Literature, 1909
    Klas Pontus Arnoldson, Peace, 1908
    Svante Arrhenius, Chemistry, 1903
    [edit]Switzerland

    Kurt Wüthrich, Chemistry, 2002
    Médecins Sans Frontières, Peace, 1999
    Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Physiology or Medicine, 1996
    Edmond H. Fischer, born in China, Physiology or Medicine, 1992
    Richard R. Ernst, Chemistry, 1991
    Karl Alexander Müller, Physics, 1987
    Heinrich Rohrer, Physics, 1986
    Georges J. F. Köhler, born in Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
    Werner Arber, Physiology or Medicine, 1978
    Vladimir Prelog, born in then Austria-Hungary, now Bosnia-Herzegovina, Chemistry, 1975
    Daniel Bovet, Physiology or Medicine, 1957
    Felix Bloch, Physics, 1952
    Tadeus Reichstein, Physiology or Medicine, 1950
    Walter Rudolf Hess, Physiology or Medicine, 1949
    Paul Hermann Müller, Physiology or Medicine, 1948
    Hermann Hesse, born in Germany, Literature, 1946
    Leopold Ružička, born in then Austria-Hungary, now Croatia, Chemistry, 1939
    Paul Karrer, Chemistry, 1937
    Albert Einstein, born in Germany, Physics, 1921
    Charles Édouard Guillaume, Physics, 1920
    Carl Spitteler, Literature, 1919
    Alfred Werner, Chemistry, 1913
    Theodor Kocher, Physiology or Medicine, 1909
    Élie Ducommun, Peace, 1902
    Charles Albert Gobat, Peace, 1902
    Henry Dunant, Peace, 1901
    [edit]Trinidad and Tobago

    V. S. Naipaul*, Literature, 2001
    [edit]Turkey

    Orhan Pamuk, Literature, 2006
    [edit]Ukraine

    Georges Charpak*, born in then Poland, Physics, 1992
    Roald Hoffmann*, born in then Poland, Chemistry, 1981
    Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov*, born in then Russian Empire, Physiology or Medicine, 1908
    [edit]United Kingdom

    Andre Geim, born in Russia, Physics, 2010
    Konstantin Novoselov, born in Russia, Physics, 2010
    Robert G. Edwards, Physiology or Medicine, 2010
    Jack W. Szostak*, Physiology or Medicine, 2009
    Charles K. Kao, born in China, Physics, 2009
    Doris Lessing, born in Iran, Literature, 2007
    Sir Martin J. Evans, Physiology or Medicine, 2007
    Oliver Smithies*, Physiology or Medicine, 2007
    Harold Pinter, Literature, 2005
    Clive W. J. Granger*, Economics, 2003
    Anthony J. Leggett*, Physics, 2003
    Peter Mansfield, Physiology or Medicine, 2003
    Sydney Brenner, born in South Africa, Physiology or Medicine, 2002
    John E. Sulston, Physiology or Medicine, 2002
    Tim Hunt, Physiology or Medicine, 2001
    Paul Nurse, Physiology or Medicine, 2001
    V.S. Naipaul, Literature, 2001
    John Pople, Chemistry, 1998
    John E. Walker, Chemistry, 1997
    Harold Kroto, Chemistry, 1996
    James A. Mirrlees, Economics, 1996
    Joseph Rotblat, born in then Russian Empire, now Poland, Peace, 1995
    Seamus Heaney*, Literature, 1995
    Richard J. Roberts, Physiology or Medicine, 1993
    Michael Smith*, Chemistry, 1993
    Ronald Coase, Economics, 1991
    James W. Black, Physiology or Medicine, 1988
    Niels Kaj Jerne*, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
    César Milstein, born in Argentina, Physiology or Medicine, 1984
    Richard Stone, Economics, 1984
    William Golding, Literature, 1983
    Aaron Klug, born in Lithuania, Chemistry, 1982
    John Robert Vane, Physiology or Medicine, 1982
    Elias Canetti, born in Bulgaria, Literature, 1981
    Frederick Sanger, Chemistry, 1980
    Arthur Lewis, born on St. Lucia, Economics, 1979
    Godfrey Hounsfield, Physiology or Medicine, 1979
    Peter D. Mitchell, Chemistry, 1978
    James Meade, Economics, 1977
    Nevill Francis Mott, Physics, 1977
    Amnesty International, Peace, 1977
    John Cornforth, born in Australia, Chemistry, 1975
    Christian de Duve*, Physiology or Medicine, 1974
    Friedrich Hayek, born in Austria, Economics, 1974
    Martin Ryle, Physics, 1974
    Antony Hewish, Physics, 1974
    Patrick White*, Literature, 1973
    Geoffrey Wilkinson, Chemistry, 1973
    Brian David Josephson, Physics, 1973
    Rodney Robert Porter, Physiology or Medicine, 1972
    John Hicks, Economics, 1972
    Dennis Gabor, born in Hungary, Physics, 1971
    Bernard Katz, born in Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 1970
    Derek Harold Richard Barton, Chemistry, 1969
    Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, Chemistry, 1967
    George Porter, Chemistry, 1967
    Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, Chemistry, 1964
    Andrew Huxley, Physiology or Medicine, 1963
    Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, Physiology or Medicine, 1963
    John Kendrew, Chemistry, 1962
    Max Perutz, born in Austria, Chemistry, 1962
    Francis Crick, Physiology or Medicine, 1962
    Maurice Wilkins, born in New Zealand, Physiology or Medicine, 1962
    Peter Medawar, born in Brazil, Physiology or Medicine, 1960
    Severo Ochoa*, born in Spain, Physiology or Medicine, 1959
    Philip Noel-Baker, Peace, 1959
    Frederick Sanger, Chemistry, 1958
    Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Chemistry, 1957
    Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, Chemistry, 1956
    Max Born, born in then Germany, now Poland, Physics, 1954
    Winston Churchill, Literature, 1953
    Hans Adolf Krebs, born in Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 1953
    Archer John Porter Martin, Chemistry, 1952
    Richard Laurence Millington Synge, Chemistry, 1952
    John Cockcroft, Physics, 1951
    Bertrand Russell, Literature, 1950
    Cecil Frank Powell, Physics, 1950
    John Boyd Orr, Peace, 1949
    Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett, Physics, 1948
    T. S. Eliot, born in the United States of America, Literature, 1948
    Edward Victor Appleton, Physics, 1947
    Robert Robinson, Chemistry, 1947
    Friends Service Council, Peace, 1947
    Ernst Boris Chain, born in Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 1945
    Alexander Fleming, Physiology or Medicine, 1945
    George Paget Thomson, Physics, 1937
    Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood, Peace, 1937
    Norman Haworth, Chemistry, 1937
    Henry Hallett Dale, Physiology or Medicine, 1936
    James Chadwick, Physics, 1935
    Arthur Henderson, Peace, 1934
    Norman Angell, Peace, 1933
    Paul Dirac, Physics, 1933
    Charles Scott Sherrington, Physiology or Medicine, 1932
    John Galsworthy, Literature, 1932
    Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian, Physiology or Medicine, 1932
    Arthur Harden, Chemistry, 1929
    Frederick Hopkins, Physiology or Medicine, 1929
    Owen Willans Richardson, Physics, 1928
    Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Physics, 1927
    Austen Chamberlain, Peace, 1925
    George Bernard Shaw, born in Ireland, Literature, 1925
    John James Richard Macleod*, Physiology or Medicine, 1923
    Francis William Aston, Chemistry, 1922
    Archibald Hill, Physiology or Medicine, 1922
    Frederick Soddy, Chemistry, 1921
    Charles Glover Barkla, Physics, 1917
    William Henry Bragg, Physics, 1915
    William Lawrence Bragg, born in Australia, Physics, 1915
    Ernest Rutherford, born in New Zealand, Chemistry, 1908
    Rudyard Kipling, born in India, Literature, 1907
    J. J. Thomson, Physics, 1906
    John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, Physics, 1904
    William Ramsay, Chemistry, 1904
    William Randal Cremer, Peace, 1903
    Ronald Ross, born in India, Physiology or Medicine, 1902
    [edit]United States

    Peter A. Diamond, Economics, 2010
    Dale T. Mortensen, Economics, 2010
    Richard F. Heck, Chemistry, 2010
    Ei-ichi Negishi, born in Japan, Chemistry, 2010
    Elinor Ostrom, Economics, 2009
    Oliver Eaton Williamson, Economics, 2009
    Barack Obama, Peace, 2009
    Thomas A. Steitz, Chemistry, 2009
    Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, born in India, Chemistry, 2009
    Willard S. Boyle, born in Canada, Physics, 2009
    Charles K. Kao, born in China, Physics, 2009
    George E. Smith, Physics, 2009
    Elizabeth Blackburn, born in Australia, Physiology or Medicine, 2009
    Carol W. Greider, Physiology or Medicine, 2009
    Jack W. Szostak, born in United Kingdom, Physiology or Medicine, 2009
    Paul Krugman, Economics, 2008
    Roger Yonchien Tsien, Chemistry, 2008
    Martin Chalfie, Chemistry, 2008
    Osamu Shimomura, born in Japan, Chemistry, 2008
    Yoichiro Nambu, born in Japan, Physics, 2008
    Leonid Hurwicz, born in Russia, Economics, 2007
    Eric S. Maskin, Economics, 2007
    Roger B. Myerson, Economics, 2007
    Al Gore, Peace, 2007
    Mario R. Capecchi, born in Italy, Physiology or Medicine, 2007
    Oliver Smithies, born in United Kingdom, Physiology or Medicine, 2007
    Roger D. Kornberg, Chemistry, 2006
    John C. Mather, Physics, 2006
    Edmund S. Phelps, Economics, 2006
    George F. Smoot, Physics, 2006
    Andrew Z. Fire, Physiology or Medicine, 2006
    Craig C. Mello, Physiology or Medicine, 2006
    Robert Aumann, born in Germany, Economics, 2005
    Robert H. Grubbs, Chemistry, 2005
    Richard R. Schrock, Chemistry, 2005
    Thomas Schelling, Economics, 2005
    John L. Hall, Physics, 2005
    Roy J. Glauber, Physics, 2005
    Irwin Rose, Chemistry, 2004
    Edward C. Prescott, Economics, 2004
    David J. Gross, Physics, 2004
    H. David Politzer, Physics, 2004
    Frank Wilczek, Physics, 2004
    Richard Axel, Physiology or Medicine, 2004
    Linda B. Buck, Physiology or Medicine, 2004
    Peter Agre, Chemistry, 2003
    Roderick MacKinnon, Chemistry, 2003
    Robert F. Engle, Economics, 2003
    Anthony J. Leggett, born in United Kingdom, Physics, 2003
    Paul C. Lauterbur, Physiology or Medicine, 2003
    Alexei A. Abrikosov, born in Russia, Physics, 2003
    Daniel Kahneman, born in Israel, Economics, 2002
    Vernon L. Smith, Economics, 2002
    Jimmy Carter, Peace, 2002
    Raymond Davis Jr., Physics, 2002
    Riccardo Giacconi, born in Italy, Physics, 2002
    Sydney Brenner, born in South Africa, Physiology or Medicine, 2002
    H. Robert Horvitz, Physiology or Medicine, 2002
    William S. Knowles, Chemistry, 2001
    K. Barry Sharpless, Chemistry, 2001
    Joseph E. Stiglitz, Economics, 2001
    George A. Akerlof, Economics, 2001
    A. Michael Spence, Economics, 2001
    Eric A. Cornell, Physics, 2001
    Carl E. Wieman, Physics, 2001
    Leland H. Hartwell, Physiology or Medicine, 2001
    Alan Heeger, Chemistry, 2000
    Alan MacDiarmid, born in New Zealand, Chemistry, 2000
    James J. Heckman, Economics, 2000
    Daniel L. McFadden, Economics, 2000
    Jack Kilby, Physics, 2000
    Paul Greengard, Physiology or Medicine, 2000
    Eric R. Kandel, born in Austria, Physiology or Medicine, 2000
    Ahmed H. Zewail, born in Egypt, Chemistry, 1999
    Günter Blobel, born in then Germany, now Poland, Physiology or Medicine, 1999
    Walter Kohn, born in Austria, Chemistry, 1998
    Robert B. Laughlin, Physics, 1998
    Daniel C. Tsui, born in China, Physics, 1998
    Robert F. Furchgott, Physiology or Medicine, 1998
    Louis J. Ignarro, Physiology or Medicine, 1998
    Ferid Murad, of Albanian heritage, Physiology or Medicine, 1998
    Paul D. Boyer, Chemistry, 1997
    Robert C. Merton, Economics, 1997
    Myron Scholes, born in Canada, Economics, 1997
    Jody Williams, Peace, 1997
    Steven Chu, Physics, 1997
    William D. Phillips, Physics, 1997
    Stanley B. Prusiner, Physiology or Medicine, 1997
    Richard E. Smalley, Chemistry, 1996
    Robert F. Curl Jr., Chemistry, 1996
    William Vickrey, born in Canada, Economics, 1996
    David M. Lee, Physics, 1996
    Douglas D. Osheroff, Physics, 1996
    Robert C. Richardson, Physics, 1996
    Mario J. Molina, born in Mexico, Chemistry, 1995
    F. Sherwood Rowland, Chemistry, 1995
    Robert Lucas, Jr., Economics, 1995
    Martin L. Perl, Physics, 1995
    Frederick Reines, Physics, 1995
    Edward B. Lewis, Physiology or Medicine, 1995
    Eric F. Wieschaus, Physiology or Medicine, 1995
    George Andrew Olah, born in Hungary, Chemistry, 1994
    John Charles Harsanyi, born in Hungary, Economics, 1994
    John Forbes Nash, Economics, 1994
    Clifford G. Shull, Physics, 1994
    Alfred G. Gilman, Physiology or Medicine, 1994
    Martin Rodbell, Physiology or Medicine, 1994
    Kary B. Mullis, Chemistry, 1993
    Robert W. Fogel, Economics, 1993
    Douglass C. North, Economics, 1993
    Toni Morrison, Literature, 1993
    Russell A. Hulse, Physics, 1993
    Joseph H. Taylor Jr., Physics, 1993
    Phillip A. Sharp, Physiology or Medicine, 1993
    Rudolph A. Marcus, born in Canada, Chemistry, 1992
    Gary S. Becker, Economics, 1992
    Edmond H. Fischer, born in China, Physiology or Medicine, 1992
    Edwin G. Krebs, Physiology or Medicine, 1992
    Elias James Corey, Chemistry, 1990
    Merton H. Miller, Economics, 1990
    William F. Sharpe, Economics, 1990
    Harry M. Markowitz, Economics, 1990
    Jerome I. Friedman, Physics, 1990
    Henry W. Kendall, Physics, 1990
    Joseph E. Murray, Physiology or Medicine, 1990
    E. Donnall Thomas, Physiology or Medicine, 1990
    Sidney Altman, born in Canada, Chemistry, 1989
    Thomas R. Cech, Chemistry, 1989
    Hans G. Dehmelt, born in Germany, Physics, 1989
    Norman F. Ramsey, Physics, 1989
    J. Michael Bishop, Physiology or Medicine, 1989
    Harold E. Varmus, Physiology or Medicine, 1989
    Leon M. Lederman, Physics, 1988
    Melvin Schwartz, Physics, 1988
    Jack Steinberger, born in Germany, Physics, 1988
    Gertrude B. Elion, Physiology or Medicine, 1988
    George H. Hitchings, Physiology or Medicine, 1988
    Charles J. Pedersen, born in Korea, Chemistry, 1987
    Donald J. Cram, Chemistry, 1987
    Robert M. Solow, Economics, 1987
    Joseph Brodsky, born in Russia, Literature, 1987
    Dudley R. Herschbach, Chemistry, 1986
    Yuan T. Lee, born in Taiwan, Chemistry, 1986
    James M. Buchanan, Economics, 1986
    Elie Wiesel, born in Romania, Peace, 1986
    Stanley Cohen, Physiology or Medicine, 1986
    Rita Levi-Montalcini, born in Italy, Physiology or Medicine, 1986
    Jerome Karle, Chemistry, 1985
    Herbert A. Hauptman, Chemistry, 1985
    Franco Modigliani, born in Italy, Economics, 1985
    Michael S. Brown, Physiology or Medicine, 1985
    Joseph L. Goldstein, Physiology or Medicine, 1985
    Bruce Merrifield, Chemistry, 1984
    Henry Taube, born in Canada, Chemistry, 1983
    Gerard Debreu, born in France, Economics, 1983
    Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, born in India, Physics, 1983
    William A. Fowler, Physics, 1983
    Barbara McClintock, Physiology or Medicine, 1983
    George J. Stigler, Economics, 1982
    Kenneth G. Wilson, Physics, 1982
    Roald Hoffmann, born in then Poland, now Ukraine, Chemistry, 1981
    James Tobin, Economics, 1981
    Nicolaas Bloembergen, born in the Netherlands, Physics, 1981
    Arthur L. Schawlow, Physics, 1981
    David H. Hubel, born in Canada, Physiology or Medicine, 1981
    Roger W. Sperry, Physiology or Medicine, 1981
    Walter Gilbert, Chemistry, 1980
    Paul Berg, Chemistry, 1980
    Lawrence R. Klein, Economics, 1980
    Czesław Miłosz, born in then Russian Empire, now Lithuania, Literature, 1980
    James Cronin, Physics, 1980
    Val Fitch, Physics, 1980
    Baruj Benacerraf, born in Venezuela, Physiology or Medicine, 1980
    George D. Snell, Physiology or Medicine, 1980
    Herbert C. Brown, Chemistry, 1979
    Theodore Schultz, Economics, 1979
    Steven Weinberg, Physics, 1979
    Sheldon Glashow, Physics, 1979
    Allan M. Cormack, born in South Africa, Physiology or Medicine, 1979
    Herbert A. Simon, Economics, 1978
    Isaac Bashevis Singer, born in then Russian Empire, now Poland, Literature, 1978
    Robert Woodrow Wilson, Physics, 1978
    Arno Penzias, born in Germany, Physics, 1978
    Hamilton O. Smith, Physiology or Medicine, 1978
    Daniel Nathans, Physiology or Medicine, 1978
    Philip Anderson, Physics, 1977
    John H. van Vleck, Physics, 1977
    Roger Guillemin, born in France, Physiology or Medicine, 1977
    Andrzej W. Schally, born in then Poland, now Lithuania, Physiology or Medicine, 1977
    Rosalyn Yalow, Physiology or Medicine, 1977
    William Lipscomb, Chemistry, 1976
    Milton Friedman, Economics, 1976
    Saul Bellow, born in Canada, Literature, 1976
    Burton Richter, Physics, 1976
    Samuel C. C. Ting, Physics, 1976
    Baruch S. Blumberg, Physiology or Medicine, 1976
    Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, Physiology or Medicine, 1976
    Tjalling C. Koopmans, born in the Netherlands, Economics, 1975
    Ben R. Mottelson*, Physics, 1975
    James Rainwater, Physics, 1975
    David Baltimore, Physiology or Medicine, 1975
    Renato Dulbecco, born in Italy, Physiology or Medicine, 1975
    Howard Martin Temin, Physiology or Medicine, 1975
    Paul J. Flory, Chemistry, 1974
    George E. Palade, born in Romania, Physiology or Medicine, 1974
    Wassily Leontief, born in Germany, Economics, 1973
    Henry Kissinger, born in Germany, Peace, 1973
    Ivar Giaever, Norway, Physics, 1973
    Christian Anfinsen, Chemistry, 1972
    Stanford Moore, Chemistry, 1972
    William H. Stein, Chemistry, 1972
    Kenneth J. Arrow, Economics, 1972
    John Bardeen, Physics 1972
    Leon N. Cooper, Physics 1972
    Robert Schrieffer, Physics 1972
    Gerald Edelman, Physiology or Medicine, 1972
    Simon Kuznets, born in then Russia, now Belarus, Economics, 1971
    Earl W. Sutherland Jr., Physiology or Medicine, 1971
    Paul A. Samuelson, Economics, 1970
    Norman Borlaug, Peace, 1970
    Julius Axelrod, Physiology or Medicine, 1970
    Murray Gell-Mann, Physics, 1969
    Max Delbrück, born in Germany, Physiology or Medicine, 1969
    Alfred Hershey, Physiology or Medicine, 1969
    Salvador Luria, born in Italy, Physiology or Medicine, 1969
    Lars Onsager, born in Norway, Chemistry, 1968
    Luis Alvarez, Physics, 1968
    Robert W. Holley, Physiology or Medicine, 1968
    Har Gobind Khorana, born in India, Physiology or Medicine, 1968
    Marshall Warren Nirenberg, Physiology or Medicine, 1968
    Hans Bethe, born in then Germany, now France, Physics, 1967
    Haldan Keffer Hartline, Physiology or Medicine, 1967
    George Wald, Physiology or Medicine, 1967
    Robert S. Mulliken, Chemistry, 1966
    Charles B. Huggins, born in Canada, Physiology or Medicine, 1966
    Francis Peyton Rous, Physiology or Medicine, 1966
    Robert B. Woodward, Chemistry, 1965
    Richard P. Feynman, Physics, 1965
    Julian Schwinger, Physics, 1965
    Martin Luther King, Jr., Peace, 1964
    Charles H. Townes, Physics, 1964
    Konrad Bloch, born in then Germany, now Poland, Physiology or Medicine, 1964
    Maria Goeppert-Mayer, born in then Germany, now Poland, Physics, 1963
    Eugene Wigner, born in Hungary, Physics, 1963
    John Steinbeck, Literature, 1962
    Linus C. Pauling, Peace, 1962
    James D. Watson, Physiology or Medicine, 1962
    Melvin Calvin, Chemistry, 1961
    Robert Hofstadter, Physics, 1961
    Georg von Békésy, born in Hungary, Physiology or Medicine, 1961
    Willard F. Libby, Chemistry, 1960
    Donald A. Glaser, Physics, 1960
    Owen Chamberlain, Physics, 1959
    Emilio Segrè, born in Italy, Physics, 1959
    Arthur Kornberg, Physiology or Medicine, 1959
    Severo Ochoa, born in Spain, Physiology or Medicine, 1959
    George Beadle, Physiology or Medicine, 1958
    Joshua Lederberg, Physiology or Medicine, 1958
    Edward Tatum, Physiology or Medicine, 1958
    Chen Ning Yang, born in China, Physics, 1957
    Tsung-Dao Lee, born in China, Physics, 1957
    William B. Shockley, Physics, 1956
    John Bardeen, Physics, 1956
    Walter H. Brattain, Physics, 1956
    ****inson W. Richards, Physiology or Medicine, 1956
    André F. Cournand, France, Physiology or Medicine, 1956
    Vincent du Vigneaud, Chemistry, 1955
    Willis E. Lamb, Physics, 1955
    Polykarp Kusch, born in Germany, Physics, 1955
    Linus C. Pauling, Chemistry, 1954
    Ernest Hemingway, Literature, 1954
    John F. Enders, Physiology or Medicine, 1954
    Frederick C. Robbins, Physiology or Medicine, 1954
    Thomas H. Weller, Physiology or Medicine, 1954
    George C. Marshall, Peace, 1953
    Fritz Lipmann, born in then Germany, now Russia, Physiology or Medicine, 1953
    E. M. Purcell, Physics, 1952
    Felix Bloch, born in Switzerland, Physics, 1952
    Selman A. Waksman, born in then Russian Empire, now Ukraine, Physiology or Medicine, 1952
    Edwin M. McMillan, Chemistry, 1951
    Glenn Theodore Seaborg, Chemistry, 1951
    Ralph J. Bunche, Peace, 1950
    Philip S. Hench, Physiology or Medicine, 1950
    Edward C. Kendall, Physiology or Medicine, 1950
    William Giauque, born in Canada, Chemistry, 1949
    William Faulkner, Literature, 1949
    T. S. Eliot*, Literature, 1948
    American Friends Service Committee (The Quakers), Peace, 1947
    Carl Cori, born in Austria, Physiology or Medicine, 1947
    Gerty Cori, born in Austria, Physiology or Medicine, 1947
    Wendell M. Stanley, Chemistry, 1946
    James B. Sumner, Chemistry, 1946
    John H. Northrop, Chemistry, 1946
    Emily G. Balch, Peace, 1946
    John R. Mott, Peace, 1946
    Percy W. Bridgman, Physics, 1946
    Hermann J. Muller, Physiology or Medicine, 1946
    Cordell Hull, Peace, 1945
    Isidor Isaac Rabi, born in Austria, Physics, 1944
    Joseph Erlanger, Physiology or Medicine, 1944
    Herbert S. Gasser, Physiology or Medicine, 1944
    Otto Stern, born in then Germany, now Poland, Physics, 1943
    Edward A. Doisy, Physiology or Medicine, 1943
    Ernest Lawrence, Physics, 1939
    Pearl S. Buck, Literature, 1938
    Clinton Davisson, Physics, 1937
    Eugene O'Neill, Literature, 1936
    Carl Anderson, Physics, 1936
    Harold C. Urey, Chemistry, 1934
    George R. Minot, Physiology or Medicine, 1934
    William P. Murphy, Physiology or Medicine, 1934
    George H. Whipple, Physiology or Medicine, 1934
    Thomas H. Morgan, Physiology or Medicine, 1933
    Irving Langmuir, Chemistry, 1932
    Jane Addams, Peace, 1931
    Nicholas M. Butler, Peace, 1931
    Sinclair Lewis, Literature, 1930
    Frank B. Kellogg, Peace, 1929
    Arthur H. Compton, Physics, 1927
    Charles G. Dawes, Peace, 1925
    Robert A. Millikan, Physics, 1923
    Woodrow Wilson, Peace, 1919
    Theodore W. Richards, Chemistry, 1914
    Elihu Root, Peace, 1912
    Albert A. Michelson, born in then Germany, now Poland, Physics, 1907
    Theodore Roosevelt, Peace, 1906
    [edit]Venezuela

    Baruj Benacerraf*, Physiology or Medicine, 1980
    [edit]Vietnam

    Lê Ðức Thọ, Peace, 1973 (declined)
    From Wikipedia
    Last edited by Badlun; 01-20-2011, 01:04 PM.

  • #2
    you want a trophy to feel special?

    here is a cookie:

    Comment


    • #3
      Well, Doris Lessing one of the Nobel winners on the list,
      WROTE a book about the Afghan refugees in 1987 called
      "The Wind Blows Away Our Words".

      It wasn't sensationally great. But it did help to bring international
      attention to the Afghan war at that time with the Soviets.

      She did feel strongly about the refugees, as shown by her statement about her subsequent book, The Fifth Child:

      "Mrs. Lessing, too, was disturbed by the book, and by the pain she felt in writing it - ''so much pain, not all of which I can explain.'' She has spent much time thinking about why. ''I'm sure that everybody feels a kind of permanent anguish about what's going on in the world,'' she said, attempting to explain her reaction. ''This is such a common emotion. I think we even get used to it. Every time we pick up a newspaper there's something. It seems to me that one feels all the time a kind of anguish, a rage, of helplessness.
      ''I was in Afghanistan recently, and was looking at the refugee camps in Peshawar, in Pakistan - do you know the refugees are still coming out of Afghanistan? - which was just the most terrible thing I've ever seen,'' Mrs. Lessing said. ''Because I wasn't just looking at refugee camps in Peshawar. You suddenly remember that this is Mozambique, Eritrea, Tigre, I mean I can go on and on. You actually see this mass suffering -people living in holes in the ground, millions of people in conditions like these - and it's not something for which you can say, 'Oh, dear, what a pity,' and then go away..."

      Now why were the countries mixed up on the list, the ones which say [Edit] -
      Turkish novelist Orhan Pamuk listed as Ukrainian, for example.

      There WERE some Palestinians and Egyptians who received Nobel Laureates.
      A lot of Russians.

      Comment


      • #4
        There are actually a few Muslims in the list like Ahmad Zewail and Abdul Salam is you consider him an actual Muslim, depends on your view, but no Pashtoons

        But with that said, what consequence is being on the list which is manufactured only to patronize the works of a civilization which has done more harm than good to our planet?

        Beneath the over inflated assertions of prestige, it's all an exercise in human arrogance and vanity; no enlightened person would care about such shallow displays of pomp.


        If I ever have the opportunity to achieve the Nobel Prize, which is highly possible considering the work I'm doing; I would reject it so the world realizes what it really is, much ado about nothing.

        Comment


        • #5
          A bunch of like minded people get together, pat each other on the back, and give each other awards. That is the noble prize. They didn't give on to Gandhi when alive and Bacha Khan, because only those who sucked up to Europe, get's these awards. There is no award for Che, or any other person that fought for the freedom of their people against the European cancer. They give these awards to Iranian, Arab, and Chinese dissenters. That's says enough.

          Comment


          • #6
            Al Gore?

            Anyways they should give one to any chinese leader who all have taken over 600 million souls out of poverty, and given hope to a nation of over 1 billion. But no, rather an insignificant dissenter gets one.

            Comment


            • #7
              I lost all respect I ever had for this whole concept of the Nobel Prize (peace, literature, science, whatever else there is) after President Obama got one. Like, what the hell was up with that?!

              So I personally don't take it seriously. However, I understand its significance worldwide. Just remember that it's always a biased decision made by a group of biased folks who know very little about the world-- they must, if they could think of Obama worthy of one when we've got thousands of people fighting for peace and justice all over the world.

              Comment


              • #8
                In the hundreds of names there are few Muslims mainly from Bnagladesh , Pakistan and Egypt(I think total 4). No one is Pashtun.

                Instead of questioning the institution of Nobel Prize and its winners why not we ponder over the following for a little introspection and self improvement in a reformatory spirit
                1. Do we have an alternative for Nobel prize if we are not satisfied from the criteria of Nobel Prize
                2. Do we have few names of internationally known scientists, inventors, writers and others if we dont consider the winners of Nobel prizes as deserving ones


                The purpose of this post is positive that Pashtuns and Muslims may struggle in the right direction to register their names in the echelons of science and other fields of modern knowledge.

                Comment


                • #9
                  Originally posted by osho View Post
                  In the hundreds of names there are few Muslims mainly from Bnagladesh , Pakistan and Egypt(I think total 4). No one is Pashtun.

                  Instead of questioning the institution of Nobel Prize and its winners why not we ponder over the following for a little introspection and self improvement in a reformatory spirit
                  1. Do we have an alternative for Nobel prize if we are not satisfied from the criteria of Nobel Prize
                  2. Do we have few names of internationally known scientists, inventors, writers and others if we dont consider the winners of Nobel prizes as deserving ones


                  The purpose of this post is positive that Pashtuns and Muslims may struggle in the right direction to register their names in the echelons of science and other fields of modern knowledge.
                  Brother, scientific advancement goes hand in hand with economical advancement. Forget Pukhtoons or Muslims here, how many Africans, South Americans, East Asians are on the list?

                  When your stomach is full, and live under fairly secured circumstances, scientific innovation will naturally happen. When the Muslims were rich, secure, their empire strong they were translating knowledge from around the world, advancing in mathematics, astrology, biology, invented the Scientific Method, the numerics that you use every day without which you can't even balance your checking account (try using roman numerals), the binary language (without it no computer base tech is possible), the algorithmic system, discovery of microorganisms (discovery of germs, diseases)...even the theory of evolution was suggested by Muslims before Darwin. The works of Akhwan Al Safa, were availible to Darwin in Europe when he came up with his theory of evolution. The Akhwan suggested that man developed from fish, to lower animal ape, and to a human being.

                  You can't look at Muslims, particularly the Pukhtoons, who have been through decades of instability, war after war, and expect them to be engineers. You need a secure, calmer atmosphere to fly kites and watch apples fall from trees....and ponder on them. Under war, and duress, thats not logically possible.

                  If Ahmed Shah Baba was as greedy as the Queen of England, and the ambitions of Afghans were as big as the colonizing British, one can only imagine how wealthy we would be by raping and pillaging the world.

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                  • #10
                    Originally posted by osho View Post
                    In the hundreds of names there are few Muslims mainly from Bnagladesh , Pakistan and Egypt(I think total 4). No one is Pashtun.

                    Instead of questioning the institution of Nobel Prize and its winners why not we ponder over the following for a little introspection and self improvement in a reformatory spirit
                    1. Do we have an alternative for Nobel prize if we are not satisfied from the criteria of Nobel Prize
                    2. Do we have few names of internationally known scientists, inventors, writers and others if we dont consider the winners of Nobel prizes as deserving ones


                    The purpose of this post is positive that Pashtuns and Muslims may struggle in the right direction to register their names in the echelons of science and other fields of modern knowledge.



                    The problem I have with your statement is that it can be reversed; Instead of pondering why there are no Pashtun nobel laureates; perhaps we should question the construct of the Nobel Prize.

                    My father was discussing with a close friend of his an Indian Physicist, who was Hindu. His work was going to win the Nobel Prize, but he was rejected. Why you may ask? The British petitioned and rallied against his name being chosen for the Nobel Prize because this particular scientist was an Anti-British, Pro-Indian Independence Militant. He was apart of many Radical Indian Nationalist groups who were collaborating with the Germans and Japanese against the British Imperial presence. While I'm not patron of Nationalistic causes in general nor do I consider myself an ally of India or Hindus for that matter, I am a patron of Truth and Justice. Albeit this example is dated and perhaps we can argue the zeitgeist that formulates the thinkof these institutions may have been rectified to some degree; What situations like this demonstrate is that such standards and symbols of status are not measures of human betterment/progress but rather oriented towards trying to reaffirm and maintain the Global Status quo. Essentially tools to justify certain types of hegemony.

                    We are looking at the issue from the wrong angle; we're too overwhelmed by some manufactured measure of validity. Progress , scientific or otherwise isn't a pretigious list of names, Progress is Living in a way in the world where our Planet and everything on it is guarded as Sacred and not merely a tool for exploitation under the guise of scientific advancement. None of the Nobel Prizes in the world has stopped that; which comes to show the level of Advancement their achievements have really given to us.

                    We need to look at things differently; not by prizes but actual Merit.

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                    • #11
                      I agree that scientiic advancement is concopitant with economic advancement and vice versa. Hence the solution is that we should be economically advanced first and for the economic advancement we should learn those who are already economically advanced and they are G8, thus a model or us. There is not a single Muslim least Pashtun country in the G8.

                      I also agree that spiritual advancement and non material criteria of progress is also essential and thats why I like OSHO but we must strike a balance between material and non material, mundane and spiritual, physical and meta physical, abstract and concrete, Platonic and Aristotelian, para psychoilogical and psychological, sensual and extra sensual.No body can deny the usefulness of science and technology inspite of some of its negative aspects.

                      On the question of the institution of the Nobel prizes we should have an alternative if we are not satisied from the existing one but or that we must have first some world rate scientists!

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                      • #12
                        I was surprised that Time Magazine named Einstein as man of the century. Did he change the world more than anybody else. The wright brothers deserve it more than him, and I didnt see them on this list.

                        @schimtar, they wont give you one unless you really show real interest that you want it, ie swallowing pride and brown nosing.
                        Last edited by khushal; 01-22-2011, 12:39 PM.

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                        • #13
                          Usefulness and Applicability of Science and Technology aside;

                          It should not be seen as the apex of progress, betterment or even prosperity without addressing the nature/attributes of it's applications first and more over assess whether such were intrinsically valid contributions or only relevant in context to manufactured norms.

                          We can take the example of Rain Forest people and the corporate banker to illustrate this point. A Corporate Banker will employ numerous scientific or technological innovations to assist his job, advances in computer engineering and software technology allows him to calculate, distribute and process assets at high volume in short time; however, the entire institution he is working to support is either not an intrinsic ecological necessity, a distortion of intrinsic ecological necessities or completely detrimental to fulfilling ecological needs or can be all or some combination of the three. It expends significant resources particularly with energy, materials and landspace; maintains exploitive socioeconomic institutions, is environmentally detrimental, and most of all, and imposes a habitat which alienates human beings from the natural world, thus inducing imbalances.

                          The Rain Forest people, do not have many known technological advancements and their level of scientific knowledge, although existing is much smaller in scale. However, their lifestyle is generally sustainable and is important for the relationship of various ecosystems. This is important from everything from global climate to energy balance on the planet wide scale. Their lifestyle helps sustain our entire planet.

                          One may argue that if we believe in the virtue of the Rain Forest life; why don't we leave to live in the Rainforest? The answer is that no Earth System is closed; the sustainability of the Rain Forest life is under threat by the G8 Nations; we can only stop the G8 system by abolishing the institutions or dismantling them, this can't be done long distance but directly.

                          Which leads to the last point. Modeling after G8 Nations for economic advancement; the standards of advancement being posited relate to whether or not the mechanism itself is valid, we're defining advancement by criteria which are manufactured and in reality not analogous to our ecological needs; either because they're deviations of our intrinsic drives or they're not compatible with them. The ultimate goal is not for worldly prestige but to better our existence here on Earth; following the G8 to attain something they have imposed as the standard is based on a circular argument and is not conducive to that. This is not a rant against science or technology, because science and technology are merely tools; they're only do what people apply them towards. It is however a critique about humanity's current approach science and technology and whether that is meritable or not.

                          So our needs is not the Nobel Prize, nor is it creating the "Alternative" to the Nobel Prize; whether it's called Avicenna Prize of Scientific Achievement or Nobel Prize; the pursuit is a vain and superficial one; the real goal as stated is How well we use those resources to live in accord to how our faculties have been developed in respects to the greater body of our Home, The Earth.

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                          • #14
                            ^ Nobel Alfred invented the dynamite...enough said.

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                            • #15
                              The concern about environmental issues, climate change, pollution, desertification , deforestation ,contamination and other ecological disdorders and aberrations is appreciable but preferring rain forest to the modern life with banks and other institutions is equal to nullifying the whole progress human being made after stone age. I have seen humans living in the rain forest of Brazil and they live in a wild , uncivilized way , may be happy but this is not what human should live as they are a bit better in their lives than animals or plants.

                              The moderate way is scientific and technological advancement plus taking care of the mother earth. Developed world is conscious of this fact and is trying to control the climate change, ozone depletion and other environmental problems.

                              Ironically this is the third world or the underdeveloped or developing world which is more polluted and one can feel the diference between the streets of Africa, south Asia and the Western europe and North America.

                              Nobel prize is necessary to encourage the scientists and scholars. Its like the trophy a sportsperson receives on her or his achievement.

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