As an Indian I can safely say that the Caste system, in its current form isn't holding back India from progressing as a developed nation. Bad governance and political opportunism are much greater stumbling blocks than caste system. Being a lower caste isn't a factor in their lack of opportunities and access to resources. Poverty is. A high caste poor has the same (I would even say less) opportunities as a lower caste poor. All govt. institutions - educational and professional have upto 30% reservation for lower castes. These include govt owned or run colleges, departments, banks, industries etc.
Caste system, in most cases, manifests itself like a community divide thing. Much like Pashtuns differentiate themselves from Tajiks, Hazaras, Uzbeks etc. It doesnt stop you doing business with them, cohabiting the same workplace as them or partying co-mingling with them. Just that when it comes to marital relations, people tend to marry within their own caste just like one would do in case of a community.
I would also agree that some areas in the East that are undeveloped still practice the worst form of caste system - untouchability, but that is rare and fast on the wane.
Caste system, in most cases, manifests itself like a community divide thing. Much like Pashtuns differentiate themselves from Tajiks, Hazaras, Uzbeks etc. It doesnt stop you doing business with them, cohabiting the same workplace as them or partying co-mingling with them. Just that when it comes to marital relations, people tend to marry within their own caste just like one would do in case of a community.
I would also agree that some areas in the East that are undeveloped still practice the worst form of caste system - untouchability, but that is rare and fast on the wane.

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