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The Pashtun nationalists (at least those who claimed to be Pashtuns (but not being able to present anything pashtunic) just to use these people for their personal purposes and interests) always tried either to Pashtunize Afghanistan, a failed policy with a lot of damages to Pashtuns themselves, to their identity and language, or to unite Afghanistan with a freed Pashtun region aparted from Pakistan´s physical and physical existence, which also failed and hit the Pashtuns´ back even harder. This Pashtun nationalism created among the two largest Pashtun confedrations - the Ghiljis and the Duranais - a competition for power and influence. While the Duranais kept the Ghiljis with money, mullahs, lobbies in western countries and the support of Tajiks at bay not to become a threat to power, despite the fact that only one family have 'ruled' with the support of western elements and only one tribe of this confederancy enjoyed alot of privilege, the Ghiljis tried to get power by forcing a social and political change in Afghanistan via communism and foreign elements, hiding their idea of Pashtun nationalism behind the new ideologies. This as well led to a huge damage to Pashtuns on both sides of the border. This policy even empowered traditionally oppressed ethnics - Hazaras and Uzbeks - to become part of the social elitists and demand more rights and equal rights. The peak of this policy was reached, when Babrak Karmal, a Tajik nationalist and president of socialist Afghanistan destroyed political the whole idea of Pashtun nationalism, made for the first time an ethnic Hazara to his first vice President above a Pashtun (assuming that this ethnic makes the largest part of the population) and cooperated some Pashtuns from North and Kabul valley into his government. This move fueled a deadly physical and political war between Khalq and Parcham fraction also originally cooperated with eachother under the same visions and ideals and having both hands in the killing the last dictator of Afghanistan, ironically the first highest ranking official and a confident communist of a state - Mohammad Dawood Khan Yahya.
While Khalq was made mostly by Ghilji Pashtun nationalists from rural background coming mostly from eastern Afghanistan, unrelated with national politics and urbanized culture, behaving stubborn not to accept that the country has more to offer than Pashtun culture and Afghan [stan] as name, the Parcham was dominated by educated Tajik socialists and nationalists from urbanized background forming for generations the elitists of the country, followed by Uzbeks (the former oppressed people who saw in socialism more freedom and opportunities) and some important Persianized Pashtun elements (i.e. Anahita ''Ratebzad'', Najibullah Ahmadzai...) and Hazaras. The years of war between these two fractions let the Soviet leadership assuming that it was about Pashtun vs non-Pashtun and they decided to place a Pashtun at the top of the Parcham and in the government to bring both side on the peace table. Najibullah Ahmadzai, Karmal´s student, was chosen for that job. As a matter of fact, Najibullah himself an Ahmadzai Pashtun and a Ghilji, knew the power of the Persian-speaking Parchamis and he tried to use this power to realize the Ghilji dream of ruling Afghanistan. In later years his closes friends and officials, including Khad officers and army Generals will find out that Najibullah was cooperating with Gulbuddin since the late of the 80s and one of his middle-men was Sulaiman Layeq, a Pashtun ultra-nationalist, to attack government forces and Parchami officials, as well other opponent forces (Shoray Nezar and Jamiat Islami), while at the same time he was using government militias (Uzbeks) to smash down rural uprisings against him in Pashtun dominated regions. Those Generals and officials close to him left Najibullah and either joined the opponent forces or left the country. Najibullah have lost the control and when the message of his cooperation with the enemy arrived in Moskaw, the Kreml decided to stop supplies and support for the last remnants of his government and to leave him alone in Kabul. Losing the government and the control of government militias, it led in northern Afghanistan to a war against Pashtuns by former loyalists like Dostom. Hundred thousands of Pashtuns were displaced and more people left the country for Pakistan and West where their new generations will suffer from identity crisis and impotence/powerlessness/helplessness, including being assimilated into the foreign elements of their new homelands.
Years after the civil war between the different political fractions, Najibullah Ahmadzai saw a light in the form of Taliban. He thought that the Taliban ,,are Pashtuns like me, they won´t kill me, but Massoud, the Tajik, will kill me''. There is a book written by former UN official and Ambassador to Afghanistan Peter Tomsen, a close friend of Najib then, visiting him 2 to 3 times a week in Kabul, I would to recomment to read it. It is called:
,,The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers''
The Taliban were indeed Pashtun nationalists but their failure was that they were depending from Pakistan, the Pathans and other foreign supporters. That made the group unlegitimated to Afghanistan. The Taliban era radicalized and nationalized the society in Afghanistan even more and oppressed ethnics like Hazaras started to demand as well more, more than they deserve. After 2001 a new era for Afghanistan took place. Taliban were defeated by their opponents and former allies (USA) and at the same time the non-Pashtun nationalism rose. Now, Pashtun nationalism in the form of technocrates and non-Pashtun nationalism in the form of former ''Northern Alliance'' and a social positioning against Taliban dominated the landscape. The Pashtun technocrates after years in Exil still dreaming about Pashtun domination of Afghanistan at one hand, critizing Pakistan on the other hand that its national nationalism oppresses Pashtuns on the other hand, led to support Taliban on both sides against non-Pashtun domination and the Panjabis, not recognizing Taliban as a terrorist network, instead calling them 'brothers' and 'politicall opponents'. Years of fighting in the south and north, northern power brokers and western ''allies'' took advantages from Taliban. As long Taliban exists, power brokers and monopolists will be able to play with the fear of the people, enrichring themselves, killing under the name of Taliban many civilians and keeping their political positions and monopols while at the same time the foreign powers can use the Taliban as an excuse to built their bases in the region to keep out Russia, India, China from the last resources.
Some years later, former army Generals and Think That officials and security advisers planning another conspiracy. They want to change the borders of the Middle East and Central Asia. One of this plans will be to cristalize out Baluchistan from Pakistan and the formation of a Pashtunistan in southern Afghanistan, mostly Helmand and Kandahar, with some exception areas (f.ex. Kandahar city) which will be under the protectocrat of the US army and Kabul. The Taliban will be given full hand to build a new government of their own in the south under their own concept of law and judicative organs. Eastern Afghanistan will be given unofficially to Pakistan where Pakistan will have forces fighting for her a proxy war in the region and at the same time ISIS will fight Taliban and Taliban will fight ISIS. By this, Pakistan will make sure a civil war between Pashtuns in Afghanistan will resolve all their problems and national needs. In 'Pashtunistan', Pashtu and Arabic and maybe Urdu as the language of neo-islamic movement of the Taliban will serve as the language of the people. It wiill be clear that Pashtunistan will be just another territory for Pakistan to rule through its forces under the mask of Pashtun nationalism. It once worked (1994-1999) and it will works again as it already does.
By creating refugees in eastern Afghanistan and in 'Pashtunistan' they will be able to take over Konar and Khost province, over Nangarhar province by military operations against ''terrorists attacking Pakistani soil''), over the economy of the region, of the local cultures and will re-write them (Pakistanisation). Already, in several parts of eastern Afghanistan Pakistani schools have opened, local people get money and visa from Pakistan, in many parts of this region (i.e. Jalalabad) the Pakistani rupee is dominating the market. Pakistani agents are running businesses and have infiltrated security organs and government institutions, the whole landscape is turning into a Pakistani-look-a-like area by building by Pakistani architecture influenced buildings, homes and parks. The local culture is hardly attacked by Pakistani media and entertainment industry which includes Indian and Pakistani movies, series and sport. Once you resemble your enemies, you won´t be anymore an enemy to him. You will change slowly your position. At the end of the day, Pashtun nationalism will be a Pakistan controlled 'Pashtunistan' and a Pakistan controlled Loy Paktika/Paktiya forcing hundred thousands of people to leave their regions and move to Pakistan herself or to the west. A war for political power is already ongoing in Afghanistan. In Northern Afghanistan, Ghani´s vide-President Dostum turned back to the old Dostum and old oppressor...
While Khalq was made mostly by Ghilji Pashtun nationalists from rural background coming mostly from eastern Afghanistan, unrelated with national politics and urbanized culture, behaving stubborn not to accept that the country has more to offer than Pashtun culture and Afghan [stan] as name, the Parcham was dominated by educated Tajik socialists and nationalists from urbanized background forming for generations the elitists of the country, followed by Uzbeks (the former oppressed people who saw in socialism more freedom and opportunities) and some important Persianized Pashtun elements (i.e. Anahita ''Ratebzad'', Najibullah Ahmadzai...) and Hazaras. The years of war between these two fractions let the Soviet leadership assuming that it was about Pashtun vs non-Pashtun and they decided to place a Pashtun at the top of the Parcham and in the government to bring both side on the peace table. Najibullah Ahmadzai, Karmal´s student, was chosen for that job. As a matter of fact, Najibullah himself an Ahmadzai Pashtun and a Ghilji, knew the power of the Persian-speaking Parchamis and he tried to use this power to realize the Ghilji dream of ruling Afghanistan. In later years his closes friends and officials, including Khad officers and army Generals will find out that Najibullah was cooperating with Gulbuddin since the late of the 80s and one of his middle-men was Sulaiman Layeq, a Pashtun ultra-nationalist, to attack government forces and Parchami officials, as well other opponent forces (Shoray Nezar and Jamiat Islami), while at the same time he was using government militias (Uzbeks) to smash down rural uprisings against him in Pashtun dominated regions. Those Generals and officials close to him left Najibullah and either joined the opponent forces or left the country. Najibullah have lost the control and when the message of his cooperation with the enemy arrived in Moskaw, the Kreml decided to stop supplies and support for the last remnants of his government and to leave him alone in Kabul. Losing the government and the control of government militias, it led in northern Afghanistan to a war against Pashtuns by former loyalists like Dostom. Hundred thousands of Pashtuns were displaced and more people left the country for Pakistan and West where their new generations will suffer from identity crisis and impotence/powerlessness/helplessness, including being assimilated into the foreign elements of their new homelands.
Years after the civil war between the different political fractions, Najibullah Ahmadzai saw a light in the form of Taliban. He thought that the Taliban ,,are Pashtuns like me, they won´t kill me, but Massoud, the Tajik, will kill me''. There is a book written by former UN official and Ambassador to Afghanistan Peter Tomsen, a close friend of Najib then, visiting him 2 to 3 times a week in Kabul, I would to recomment to read it. It is called:
,,The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers''
The Taliban were indeed Pashtun nationalists but their failure was that they were depending from Pakistan, the Pathans and other foreign supporters. That made the group unlegitimated to Afghanistan. The Taliban era radicalized and nationalized the society in Afghanistan even more and oppressed ethnics like Hazaras started to demand as well more, more than they deserve. After 2001 a new era for Afghanistan took place. Taliban were defeated by their opponents and former allies (USA) and at the same time the non-Pashtun nationalism rose. Now, Pashtun nationalism in the form of technocrates and non-Pashtun nationalism in the form of former ''Northern Alliance'' and a social positioning against Taliban dominated the landscape. The Pashtun technocrates after years in Exil still dreaming about Pashtun domination of Afghanistan at one hand, critizing Pakistan on the other hand that its national nationalism oppresses Pashtuns on the other hand, led to support Taliban on both sides against non-Pashtun domination and the Panjabis, not recognizing Taliban as a terrorist network, instead calling them 'brothers' and 'politicall opponents'. Years of fighting in the south and north, northern power brokers and western ''allies'' took advantages from Taliban. As long Taliban exists, power brokers and monopolists will be able to play with the fear of the people, enrichring themselves, killing under the name of Taliban many civilians and keeping their political positions and monopols while at the same time the foreign powers can use the Taliban as an excuse to built their bases in the region to keep out Russia, India, China from the last resources.
Some years later, former army Generals and Think That officials and security advisers planning another conspiracy. They want to change the borders of the Middle East and Central Asia. One of this plans will be to cristalize out Baluchistan from Pakistan and the formation of a Pashtunistan in southern Afghanistan, mostly Helmand and Kandahar, with some exception areas (f.ex. Kandahar city) which will be under the protectocrat of the US army and Kabul. The Taliban will be given full hand to build a new government of their own in the south under their own concept of law and judicative organs. Eastern Afghanistan will be given unofficially to Pakistan where Pakistan will have forces fighting for her a proxy war in the region and at the same time ISIS will fight Taliban and Taliban will fight ISIS. By this, Pakistan will make sure a civil war between Pashtuns in Afghanistan will resolve all their problems and national needs. In 'Pashtunistan', Pashtu and Arabic and maybe Urdu as the language of neo-islamic movement of the Taliban will serve as the language of the people. It wiill be clear that Pashtunistan will be just another territory for Pakistan to rule through its forces under the mask of Pashtun nationalism. It once worked (1994-1999) and it will works again as it already does.
By creating refugees in eastern Afghanistan and in 'Pashtunistan' they will be able to take over Konar and Khost province, over Nangarhar province by military operations against ''terrorists attacking Pakistani soil''), over the economy of the region, of the local cultures and will re-write them (Pakistanisation). Already, in several parts of eastern Afghanistan Pakistani schools have opened, local people get money and visa from Pakistan, in many parts of this region (i.e. Jalalabad) the Pakistani rupee is dominating the market. Pakistani agents are running businesses and have infiltrated security organs and government institutions, the whole landscape is turning into a Pakistani-look-a-like area by building by Pakistani architecture influenced buildings, homes and parks. The local culture is hardly attacked by Pakistani media and entertainment industry which includes Indian and Pakistani movies, series and sport. Once you resemble your enemies, you won´t be anymore an enemy to him. You will change slowly your position. At the end of the day, Pashtun nationalism will be a Pakistan controlled 'Pashtunistan' and a Pakistan controlled Loy Paktika/Paktiya forcing hundred thousands of people to leave their regions and move to Pakistan herself or to the west. A war for political power is already ongoing in Afghanistan. In Northern Afghanistan, Ghani´s vide-President Dostum turned back to the old Dostum and old oppressor...
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