Forms of Pashto Poetry

[یاسمینه]

Landey لنډۍ

Other names: tapey, tapakey, tapa, misra. Though the last name is not correct because misra means hemistich.

Structure: landey consists of one bayt, it means one line including two misras. First misra consist of 9 syllables and second - of 13 syllables.

Rhymes: Landey rhymes in -a exclusively.

Topics - mainly love and fight.

Other features: it is a very old form of Pashto poetry, probably one thousand years old. It is considered as one of typical forms of Pasho poetry. In the past landey were composed and sung to to encourage people during fighting. Their authors were often anonymous.

Example (from A Collection of Pashto proverbs and tappas byJens Enevoldsen)

باد صبا زما قاصد شه
زما شیرین اشنا ته یوسه سلامونه

Be my messenger, morning breeze;
And bear my messages of love to my sweet darling

More landey here: http://www.pashtunforums.com/showthread.php?t=3135

[یاسمینه]

Naare نارې

Other names: jayuna, yajuna

Structure: The number of misrats and their lenght in some naaras can be constant or can vary.

Rhymes: any

Topics: It is a fairy tale which glorifies the national features of Pashtuns.

Other features: Naares are often called Pashtunawalay hindara, which means a mirror of Afghan manners and customs. Some experts says that this form exsist only in Pashto literature. Durring public recitations naaras are accompanied by music.
Naares are usually parts of longer stories and appear in the most dramatic moments.

[Feroz Afridi]

Dair kha.
Afsoos che koom zamung kaar woo agha rala da yasmeena kawi..weldone yasmeena..qurbaaan de sham

[یاسمینه]

Rubaa'i رباعي

Structure: Misra usually consists of 12 syllables. Next but one misra contains the name of its author.

Rhymes: First two hemistichs (misras) and each second hemistich of each bayt rhyme.

Topics: poem - song containing instruction

Other features: The song is recited in very slow way, at the beginning of meeting when the first sounds of music are heard. It's sung to draw the attention to vocal and music. After rubaa'i other poetic forms like kasida, ghazal can be sung.

Example:

ته چې ځان ته هوښیا وايې هوښیار نه یې
ځکه پوهـ دې په ژوندون او روزګار نه یې
د قانون او شریعت خبرې تل کړې
یو ذره آګاه د شریعت په لاره نه یې
په ژوندون کښې دې د هر مرض دوا شي
پس له مرګه به دې هیچا په کار نه يې
که نیکي کړې که بدي کړې دا دې وخت دی
بیا راتلونکی په دې وخت کې دوبار نه یې
تمام عمر عبس تېر شو رمضانه
ته لا موړ د دې دنیا په بازار نه یې

[Afghanistan2010]

Shairuna...

[یاسمینه]

Shairuna...

what do you mean?

[Afghanistan2010]

Shairuna is another name for poetry

one form you left out,Tarane

[یاسمینه]

there are many forms. I haven't list all of them yet. I've started from Afghan/ Pashto ones, then I am going to post forms borrowed from Arabic/Persian literature.

[یاسمینه]

I was also thinking about description of poetic figures in Pashto poetry...

[mayan]

yar this is pashtun forums. so please talking in pashtoo. os mung jahilan che pa english na poi go. nu thaso pakhtoo k khabrey kawai kana

[Feroz Afridi]

هسې چټي په چټې مئين ئې؟؟
ورور ګله!!! پکار خو دا وه چې دا کوم کار دا ياسمين ګله زمونږ د ژبې د پاره کوي هغه مونږ پښتنو کولائ شوئ..افسوس چې دا زمونږ د وطن او قوم مادام نه ده خو زمونږ په ژبه مئينه ده او دا زمونږ د ژبې د پاره کار کوي.
څومره عظيمه مادام ده پکار ده مونږ ئې شکريه ادا کړو


شکريه مادام ياسمين
ستا يو جهان مننه

[یاسمینه]

Feroz, thank you for very nice words. You made my day

I was thinking that you or other members who know Pashto poetry could add proper examples in Pashto, ie. examples of rubaa'i, naare etc.

[یاسمینه]

Bagatey بګتۍ

Other names: bagati, bugati, loba

Structure: The stanzas consist of one bayt and the refrain occuring in the beginning and repeated after each stanza. The first hemistich of the refrain is different after each stanza, the second hemistich of the refrain is always the same.

Rhymes: Both misra's of each line rhyme. The misra's of the refrain also rhyme

Topics: Bagatey is a very enjoyable form of poetry.

Other features: It is a song performed by two singers

Example:

غمونه لرې کړه د ما عاجز غمګینه
راتاؤ شه لونګینه

و دې ویشتم روغه دې نکړ
نوره یاري درسره نکړم
بل دې په سرو شونډو نتکۍ زانګي مینه
راتاؤ شه لونګینه

د لوږې تندې مې د خلې شوې*
دلبرې تاته مې ګیلې شوې
زه تشنه لبه تږې راغلمه له سینه
راتاؤ شه لونګینه

(I am not sure if the red part make sense)

[Feroz Afridi]

rubaa'i

structure: Misra usually consists of 12 syllables. Next but one misra contains the name of its author.

Rhymes: First two hemistichs (misras) and each second hemistich of each bayt rhyme.

Topics: Poem - song containing instruction

other features: The song is recited in very slow way, at the beginning of meeting when the first sounds of music are heard. It's sung to draw the attention to vocal and music. After rubaa'i other poetic forms like kasida, ghazal can be sung.

رباعي پير محمد کاکړ

اے سروقده ، ميان باريکه
له نورو ښکلو، راته نزديکه
ښاد مې د وصل ، په صبحدم کړه
د هجر شپه شوه، پر ما تاريکه

[یاسمینه]

شکرا جزیلا