Living Environment Regents 2010 part 1.

[afghangirlx]

i took the living environment regents today and
there was a question on the living environment regents which said to design an experiment to test the effectiveness of the new drug to increase the production of BDNF in the brain of rats.
and you had to include a hypothesis
describe how the control group will be treated differently than the experiment group.
you had to name 2 factors that must be the same in the experiment and control group
and you must have a dependent variable in your experiment.

i did not understand this question at all and i did not answer it.
can someone tell me everything that they did for this question, and explain it to me please.
can you tell me your whole experiment, please help =)

[afghangirlx]

i took the living environment regents today and i wrote down some of the multiple choice questions since i finished the test a little early. i am scared because it was hard and if i want to know if i did well or not so i am going to post the questions here and tell me what you wrote for the answer.

one question asked twins may develop slight different characteristics because?
another question asked what normally happens right after the fertilization in sexual reproduction?
another question asked essential materials needed for development are transported to a human fetus through the?
failure to regulate the pH of the blood can affect the activity of ?
young birds build nests characteristics of their species. this suggests nest building behaviors ?
people w| spinal cords injuries do not sweat below the area of the injury, w|out swear your body temperature rises. this describes situation of ?
what would be the result of the areas mantecs had lived if they become extinct ?
a serious threat to biodiversity is?
the greatest decrease in rain forest ability ?
if an ecosystem is not altered which stage would be the most stable ?


sorry if they are a bit confusing, but i dont have the choices.

[afghangirlx]

- abundant green house gases ( you choose 1 & you state 1 activity that is a source of this gas )
- state 1 biological reason why U.S gov does not allow foreign travelers to bring fruit, plants, vegetables and animals to the states.
-state 1 way transpiration is beneficial to plants.
- name 2 'vital gases' that are exchanged between leaf tissues and the outside environment
-identify the specific leaf structure that regulates the opening and closing of stomata
-why is it important for plants to 'hold enzymes' in their functional shapes
- state one possible cause for the population decrease ( there was a graph that showed the decrease of the coyotes)
- why information obtained through DNA analysis is more reliable indicator of evolution ?

[Mayana]

one question asked twins may develop slight different characteristics because?

The essential "nature vs nurture". They share the same DNA but they can have differences in height and weight because that is influenced by what they eat as well as their DNA. Nurture does have influence on our development to an extent..

another question asked what normally happens right after the fertilization in sexual reproduction?

Implantation I believe..

another question asked essential materials needed for development are transported to a human fetus through the?

The umbilical cord..

failure to regulate the pH of the blood can affect the activity of ?

lungs/kidney.. not sure.

a serious threat to biodiversity is?

Habitat destruction and Species Introduction

- state 1 biological reason why U.S gov does not allow foreign travelers to bring fruit, plants, vegetables and animals to the states.

It might carry infected organisms and those diseases that might transfer to local plants or animals.

-state 1 way transpiration is beneficial to plants.

Transpiration uses solar energy to drive passive movement of water and minerals from soil to leaves. The plant does not need to produce energy for this activity.

-identify the specific leaf structure that regulates the opening and closing of stomata

The guard cells.



I used google for most of these..


:D

[Laila]

i took the living environment regents today and
there was a question on the living environment regents which said to design an experiment to test the effectiveness of the new drug to increase the production of BDNF in the brain of rats.
and you had to include a hypothesis
describe how the control group will be treated differently than the experiment group.
you had to name 2 factors that must be the same in the experiment and control group
and you must have a dependent variable in your experiment.

i did not understand this question at all and i did not answer it.
can someone tell me everything that they did for this question, and explain it to me please.
can you tell me your whole experiment, please help =)

Hello Afghangirlx, nice to meet you.

This question you got on your living environment regents is a little complicated. LOL this is major neurophysiology stuff....which i have not covered yet, since i just finished one year of Pre-Medicine. But i will help you out the most that i can......

First you need to know what BDNF is. It is Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the brain. BDNF is actually a protien that is encoded by the BDNF gene. It really helps and plays a tremendous role in the growth of normal and new neurons. It is very active in the forebrain...your frontal lobe of the brain. That is where it is very vital to learning and memory.

Now you need to know how to increase the secretion of BDNF. I am not too much familiar with this gene, i have only seen it a couple of times in lecture...but i do know that the secretion of this gene is increase by exercise.
What it does it increases the secretion at your mRNA (messenger RNA---molecule encoded for protein product) and also hippocampus and cerebral cortex. This is a very huge and important component of the brain. It is for long-term memory. It is located inside the medial temporal lobe (inside the middle of the lobe sides of the brain, there are two)

now in this experiment for rodents (rats) for the production of BDNF, is Dietary Restriction (DR), i believe that is what the drug is supposed to do, right?

so when doing your experiment your hypothesis may be: Dietary Restriction increases BDNF? or Exercise increases the secretion of BDNF at mRNA, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex?

now your control group (what you dont want to change so that you can compare your results to) could be: the new drug, since you do not want to change the drug....you are trying to see whether this particular drug is effective or not.

now you have to look at these things for the rat: age, physical state, possible even sex. That can also change your results of your experiment. But i am still not clear about the question whether it is Dietary Restriction or Exercise, but those can work as a hypothesis.

i hoped this helped, it has been a whole month since i have talked in scientific terms. I did the best with what i could, i have not been able to take a unit in Neurophysiology yet, but that is all that i knew about BDNF....good luck!

[Laila]

- abundant green house gases ( you choose 1 & you state 1 activity that is a source of this gas )

Very easy and straightforward----Carbon Dioxide =)

Plants use Carbon Dioxide in photosynthesis to produce sugar.

- state 1 biological reason why U.S gov does not allow foreign travelers to bring fruit, plants, vegetables and animals to the states.

for a biological reason...ummmmm...my wild guess it can lead to a serious outbreak

-state 1 way transpiration is beneficial to plants.

Since transpiration is not that different from evaporation-----
it removes excess water in plants

- name 2 'vital gases' that are exchanged between leaf tissues and the outside environment

ummm Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen

-identify the specific leaf structure that regulates the opening and closing of stomata

the guard cell....just like the name describes it, it regulates the opening and closing of the stomata

-why is it important for plants to 'hold enzymes' in their functional shapes

Ummm not sure :P

- state one possible cause for the population decrease ( there was a graph that showed the decrease of the coyotes)

Not sure about this too.....no graph :P

[Roshina]

Just saw this thread. I know the answers to some of the questions (not all), but will have to post them when I have some energy! Like tomorrow, maybe.

Laila and Mayana, thanks for your responses!